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Questions & Answers about Otobüs burada, koşma.
How does the word koşma mean "do not run"?
The verb root for "run" is koş. To tell someone not to do something, we add the negative suffix -ma or -me right after the root. Because koş has the back vowel o, vowel harmony tells us to use -ma, making it koşma.
Is koşma used for talking to one person or multiple people?
It is used for one person in a casual setting, like a friend or a family member. If you were speaking formally or to a group, you would add a plural or formal ending, such as koşmayın.
Why does the word for "here" end in -da (burada)?
The base word bura means "this place". The -da at the end is the locative suffix, which means "at", "in", or "on". So burada literally translates to "at this place", which is how we say "here" in English.
Where is the verb "is" in the first part of the sentence (Otobüs burada)?
In Turkish, you don't need a word for "is" in simple descriptive statements like this. You just place the subject (Otobüs) next to its location (burada) to say "The bus is here."