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La ventana está rota y la dueña se ha quedado sorprendida.

La ventana está rota y la dueña se ha quedado sorprendida.
The window is broken and the owner has been left surprised.
From Lesson 219:Resulting states (quedarse)·Spanish (Spain)

Questions & Answers about La ventana está rota y la dueña se ha quedado sorprendida.

Why do we use se ha quedado sorprendida here instead of just using estar?
Using quedarse + adjective emphasizes the change in state as a direct result of a specific event (finding the broken window). While ha estado sorprendida just means she was in a surprised state, se ha quedado sorprendida conveys that the event left her surprised. It is perfect for reactions and aftermaths.
Could we use ponerse instead of quedarse for this emotional reaction?
While ponerse is used for many emotional changes (like getting sad or nervous), quedarse is much more natural for reactions that leave you speechless, shocked, or stunned. You use quedarse for a state that someone is left in after an unexpected event.
Why is the word for broken rota instead of rompida?
Rota is the irregular past participle of the verb romper (to break). The form rompida does not exist. Because it acts as an adjective describing the feminine singular noun la ventana, it must end in -a.
Why do we use está instead of es with rota?
We use estar with past participles when describing the physical state or condition that results from an action. The window was broken by something in the past, but right now we are simply describing its current condition.
Why does sorprendida end in -a if it comes after the verb quedarse?
Even though it follows a verb of change like quedarse, the word sorprendida still functions as an adjective describing the subject, la dueña. Therefore, it must agree with her in gender (feminine) and number (singular).

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