Chinese (Mandarin)

Spanish

English

Hindi

Arabic (Modern Standard)

Portuguese

Bengali

Russian

Japanese

Punjabi

German

Javanese

Malay

Telugu

Vietnamese

Korean

French

Marathi

Tamil

Urdu

Turkish

Italian

Chinese, Yue / Cantonese

Thai

Gujarati

Chinese, Jin

Chinese, Min Nan

Dari

Farsi

Polish

Pashto

Kannada

Chinese, Xiang

Malayalam

Sundanese

Hausa

Odia

Burmese

Chinese, Hakka

Ukrainian

Bihari, Bhojpuri

Tagalog

Yoruba

Bihari, Maithili

Uzbek

Sindhi

Amharic

Fula

Romanian

Oromo

Igbo

Azerbaijani

Chinese, Gan

Dutch

Kurdish, Central

Kurdish, Northern

Kurdish, Southern

Malagasy

Lahnda, Saraiki

Nepali

Sinhalese

Chittagonian

Zhuang

Khmer

Turkmen

Assamese

Madurese

Somali

Marwari

Bihari, Magahi

Haryanvi

Hungarian

Chhattisgarhi

Greek

Chewa

Dakhini

Akan, Twi

Akan, Fante

Kazakh

Chinese, Min Bei

Sylheti

Zulu

Czech

Kinyarwanda

Marwari, Dhundhari

Haitian Creole

Chinese, Min Dong

Ilocano

Quechua

Kirundi

Swedish

Hmong

Shona

Uyghur

Hiligaynon

Mossi

Xhosa

Belarusian

Balochi

Spanish (Latin America)

### Conjugating regular *-ir* verbs

The final group of regular verbs in Spanish ends in **-ir**. To conjugate them in the present tense, drop the **-ir** from the infinitive and add the ending that matches the subject.

You will notice that regular **-ir** verbs share almost all the same endings as regular **-er** verbs. The only difference is the **nosotros / nosotras** form, which uses **-imos** instead of **-emos**.

| Pronoun | Ending | Example (*escribir*) |
| --- | --- | --- |
| yo | -o | escrib**o** |
| tú | -es | escrib**es** |
| él / ella / usted | -e | escrib**e** |
| nosotros / nosotras | -imos | escrib**imos** |
| ellos / ellas / ustedes | -en | escrib**en** |

Here are some common regular **-ir** verbs like **compartir** (to share), **abrir** (to open), and **recibir** (to receive) in action:

{{item:771692}}

{{item:771695}}

{{item:771699}}

### The *nosotros* difference

Remember, the only time an **-ir** verb differs from an **-er** verb in the present tense is when we say "we" (nosotros/nosotras). 

Compare how **nosotros** works in these sentences, alongside other standard endings:

{{item:771703}}

{{item:771688}}

{{item:771705}}

Regular -ir verbs

adjective

adverb

auxiliary verb

conjunction

determiner

expression

interjection

noun

numeral

prep

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Subject pronouns and the verb to be (yo soy)

Noun gender and definite articles (el, la)

Basic sentences and negation (no)

Indefinite articles (un, una)

Formal and informal you (tú vs. usted)

Plural pronouns and the verb to be (somos, son)

Making nouns plural (-s, -es)

Plural articles (los, las, unos, unas)

Noun gender exceptions

Adjective agreement

Invariable adjectives

State and location (estar)

Ser vs. estar

There is / there are (hay)

Hay vs. estar

To have (tener)

Possession (de)

Possessive adjectives (mi, tu, su)

Regular -ar verbs

Yes/No questions

What and who (qué, quién)

Regular -er verbs

Asking where (dónde, adónde)

How, when, and why (cómo, cuándo, por qué)

How much and how many (cuánto)

Days of the week

Going to a place (ir a)

Preposition contractions (al, del)

In and by (en)

With me and with you (conmigo, contigo)

Prepositional pronouns (mí, ti)

Conjunctions (y, o, pero)

Giving reasons (porque)

Stem-changing verbs (e to ie)

Stem-changing verbs (o to ue)

Stem-changing verbs (e to i)

Irregular yo forms (hago, salgo)

To know (saber vs. conocer)

Weather expressions (hace, está)

Desires and plans (querer)

Ability and requests (poder)

Obligations (tener que)

Expressing likes (me gusta)

Plural likes (me gustan)

Verbs like gustar (encantar, doler)

Very vs. a lot (muy, mucho)

Numbers 0 to 15 (cero, uno, dos…)

Numbers 16 to 31 (dieciséis, veinte…)

Numbers 30 to 1000 (treinta, cien, mil)

Months of the year (enero, febrero, marzo)

Seasons and dates (el dos de mayo)

Telling time (es la..., son las...)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primero, segundo, tercero)

Reflexive pronouns and verbs (me, te, se, nos)

Direct object pronouns (lo, la, los, las)

The near future (ir a)

The present continuous (estar + -ando, -iendo)

Near demonstrative adjectives (este, esta, estos, estas)

Medium demonstrative adjectives (ese, esa, esos, esas)

Comparatives of inequality (más / menos ... que)

Comparatives of equality (tan ... como)

Indefinite and negative pronouns (algo, nada, alguien, nadie)

Affirmative commands

Far demonstratives (aquel, aquella)

Possessive pronouns (el mío, el tuyo)

Shortened indefinite adjectives (algún, ningún)

Adverbs of quantity (demasiado, bastante)

Adverbs of frequency (a menudo, a veces)

Adverb formation (-mente)

Exclamations (¡Qué...!)

Irregular comparatives (mejor, peor, mayor, menor)

Relative superlatives (el más... de)

Adjective intensification (-ísimo)

Indirect object pronouns

Pronoun placement with infinitives

Double object pronouns (me lo, te la)

The 'se lo' rule (se lo, se la)

Impersonal statements (se)

Impersonal obligation (hay que)

Personal obligation (deber)

Starting actions (empezar a)

Finishing and quitting actions (terminar de, dejar de)

Repeating actions (volver a)

Continuing actions (seguir + gerundio)

Complex prepositions of place (encima de, debajo de...)

Question	Answer
to write	escribir
the mail / the email	el correo
We write a book and you read the mail.	Nosotros escribimos un libro y ustedes leen el correo.
to share	compartir
the apartment	el departamento
with	con
I share the apartment with my brother.	Yo comparto el departamento con mi hermano.
to open	abrir
to decide	decidir
You open the door and decide to rest.	Tú abres la puerta y decides descansar.
to receive	recibir
the message	el mensaje
important	importante
She receives an important message from her family.	Ella recibe un mensaje importante de su familia.
You share breakfast with the boys.	Ustedes comparten el desayuno con los chicos.
We receive an important email now.	Nosotros recibimos un correo importante ahora.
The student writes a message in Spanish.	El estudiante escribe un mensaje en español.
We decide to live in a new apartment.	Nosotras decidimos vivir en un departamento nuevo.
The man opens the car with the key.	El hombre abre el carro con la llave.
You eat apples, but we share the bread.	Ustedes comen manzanas, pero nosotros compartimos el pan.
I am hot and I decide to open the window.	Yo tengo calor y decido abrir la ventana.