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### Young and old, tall and short

To describe a person, use **a fi** (to be) and an adjective, exactly as you did with things. The adjective agrees with the person: add **-ă** for a woman, **-i** for several men, **-e** for several women.

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| | man | woman | men | women |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| young | tânăr | tânără | **tineri** | **tinere** |
| old | bătrân | bătrână | bătrâni | bătrâne |
| tall | înalt | înaltă | **înalți** | înalte |
| short | scund | scundă | **scunzi** | scunde |

Watch **tânăr**: its plural changes the stem (*tineri*, *tinere*). And before the plural **-i**, a **t** becomes **ț** (*înalt* → *înalți*, *obosit* → *obosiți*) and a **d** becomes **z** (*scund* → *scunzi*).

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### Hair, mood and being free

**Blond** and **brunet** (dark-haired) describe hair. **Obosit** (tired), **ocupat** (busy) and **liber** (free) say how someone is right now — and *ocupat* and *liber* also work for a seat or a table: *taken* or *free*.

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Describing people (tânăr, bătrân, înalt)

adjective

adverb

adverbial phrase

auxiliary

auxiliary verb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

The verb to be and definite articles (a fi, -ul, -le)

Feminine definite articles (-a, -ua)

Indefinite articles (un, o)

Negative sentences (nu)

Question words (ce, unde, cine)

The verb to have (a avea)

Masculine plural nouns (-i, -ii)

Feminine plural nouns (-e, -i, -le)

Neuter plural nouns (-uri, -e, -le)

Adjectives and agreement

Present tense of regular -a verbs

Present tense of -a verbs with suffix (-ez)

Present tense of regular -i and -î verbs

Present tense of -i and -î verbs with suffix (-esc / -ăsc)

Present tense of -ea and -e verbs

Reflexive pronouns (mă, te, se, ne, vă)

Accusative prepositions (în, la, pe, din, cu)

Likes and dislikes (îmi place)

Possessive adjectives (meu, tău, său)

Third-person possessives (lui, ei, lor)

Possessive articles (al, a, ai, ale)

Formal politeness (dumneavoastră)

Demonstrative adjectives (acest, acel)

Numbers 1 to 10

The number two (doi, două)

Numbers 11 to 20

Counting by tens to 100

Quantifying large numbers (de)

The subjunctive (să)

Third-person subjunctive (să)

Direct object pronouns (îl, o, îi, le)

Personal direct objects (pe)

Days of the week

Telling time (e ora...)

Months of the Year (January to June)

Months of the Year (July to December)

The Four Seasons

Weather Conditions

Rooms in a House

Basic Body Parts: Upper Body

Basic Body Parts: Limbs

Everyday Clothing

Basic Foods: Groceries

Fruits and Vegetables

Around Town

Getting Around

Setting the Table

A Colorful World

Common Animals

In the Wild

Jobs and Careers

Everyday Tech

Asking when and why (când, de ce, care)

Hello and goodbye (bună ziua, la revedere)

Coming and going (intra, sta, trece)

Where is it? (sub, lângă, între)

Knowing and thinking (știu că, cred că)

Sorry, welcome, congratulations (îmi pare rău, la mulți ani)

Introducing yourself (mă numesc, sunt din România)

How much and how many (puțin, prea, doar)

Can and may (pot merge, pot să merg)

If and whether (dacă)

At school and university

Irregular verbs in the present (vrea, lua, da, bea, sta)

Free time and sport

How much is it? (cât costă, câți, câte)

Before and after (înainte, după, până)

At the doctor (mă doare)

Meals of the day (micul dejun, prânzul, cina)

At the restaurant

Ability and permission (a putea să)

Obligation and necessity (trebuie să)

Desires and intentions (a vrea să)

Impersonal statements (se)

Adverbs of frequency (adesea, uneori)

Conjunctions for reasons and links (pentru că, deci)

Stressed accusative pronouns (pe mine, pe tine)

Indefinite pronouns (cineva, ceva)

Negative pronouns and double negation (nimeni, nimic)

The past tense auxiliary (am, ai, a)

The past tense (am, ai, a)

Regular past participles (-at, -it)

Regular past participles (-ut, -s, -t)

Negative past tense (nu am)

Past tense with reflexive verbs (m-am, s-a)

Question	Answer
young	tânăr
The teacher is young.	Profesorul este tânăr.
The student is young and intelligent.	Studenta este tânără și inteligentă.
The colleagues are young.	Colegii sunt tineri.
old (of a person)	bătrân
The grandfather is old.	Bunicul este bătrân.
The woman is old.	Femeia este bătrână.
tall	înalt
The boy is very tall.	Băiatul este foarte înalt.
short (of a person)	scund
The brother is tall, but the sister is short.	Fratele este înalt, dar sora este scundă.
The neighbor is short and nice.	Vecinul este scund și simpatic.
blond	blond
The girl is blond.	Fata este blondă.
dark-haired	brunet
The child is blond, but the father is dark-haired.	Copilul este blond, dar tatăl este brunet.
The friend is dark-haired and tall.	Prietenul este brunet și înalt.
tired	obosit
The mother is tired now.	Mama este obosită acum.
They are very tired.	Ei sunt foarte obosiți.
busy / taken	ocupat
The gentleman is busy.	Domnul este ocupat.
Is the chair taken?	Scaunul este ocupat?
free	liber
Are you free now?	Tu ești liber acum?
Is the table free?	Masa este liberă?

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