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Este álbum é mais raro do que aquele.

Este álbum é mais raro do que aquele.
This album is rarer than that one.
From Lesson 128:Indefinite pronouns (qualquer, cada)·Portuguese (Portugal)

Questions & Answers about Este álbum é mais raro do que aquele.

Since this lesson is about qualquer (any), how would I change this sentence to say 'Any album is rarer than that one'?
You would replace Este (This) with Qualquer, making it: Qualquer álbum é mais raro do que aquele. Remember that qualquer goes directly before the noun and uses the exact same form for both masculine and feminine words.
Why is there a do in mais raro do que? Doesn't que already mean 'than'?
In Portuguese, when comparing two nouns, you can use either mais... que or mais... do que. Both mean 'more... than' and are completely interchangeable in this sentence. Adding the do is just a very natural and common choice in spoken Portuguese.
Why use aquele for 'that one' instead of esse?
Portuguese has different words for 'that' depending on distance. Aquele refers to something that is far away from both the speaker and the listener ('that one over there'). If the album were near the person you are talking to, you would use esse. Here, it acts as a pronoun, meaning we don't have to repeat the word álbum.
Why use é (from the verb ser) here instead of está (from estar)?
We use ser for permanent states, identities, or inherent characteristics. The rarity of an album is a permanent fact about it, not a temporary condition or mood, so we must use é.

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