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Não atravesses a rua sem olhar.

Não atravesses a rua sem olhar.
Don't cross the street without looking.
From Lesson 97:Negative commands (não pises, não pise)·Portuguese (Portugal)

Breakdown of Não atravesses a rua sem olhar.

não
not / no
a rua
the street
olhar
to look
sem
without
atravessar
to cross

Questions & Answers about Não atravesses a rua sem olhar.

Why does atravesses end in '-es' when the verb is atravessar (an '-ar' verb)?
Because this is a negative command. To tell someone not to do something, Portuguese doesn't use the regular imperative; it uses a form called the present subjunctive. For regular '-ar' verbs, the tu (informal you) ending becomes '-es'. So, instead of the regular present tense atravessas, we use não atravesses.
What would the affirmative command ('Cross!') be for this same person?
If you wanted to tell the same person to cross, you would say Atravessa. For the informal tu, affirmative commands use the normal present tense but drop the final 's'. Notice how the ending vowel changes completely between the affirmative (Atravessa) and the negative (Não atravesses)!
Who is being addressed in this sentence, and how would you say it formally?
This sentence is talking to an informal 'you' (tu), which we know from the '-es' ending on atravesses. If you were speaking formally to someone using você, the ending for an '-ar' verb in the negative command would be '-e': Não atravesse a rua sem olhar.
Why does the sentence use the infinitive olhar (to look) instead of a word like olhando (looking)?
In English, we use the '-ing' form after prepositions ('without looking'). But in Portuguese, you must always use the infinitive (the basic, unconjugated verb form) after a preposition like sem (without). So, 'without looking' is built using the infinitive: sem olhar.

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