Learn Portuguese (Portugal): Eles ganhariam se o capitão marcasse aquele penálti. - They would win if the captain scored that penalty.

This sentence is a second conditional statement, which talks about a hypothetical or unlikely situation. When you use se (if) for a hypothetical scenario like this, the verb that follows must be in the imperfect subjunctive (marcasse). The other half of the sentence then shows the result using the conditional tense (ganhariam).

Can I use a different tense instead of ganhariam for the result?

Yes! In everyday spoken Portuguese, it is very common to replace the conditional tense (ganhariam) with the imperfect indicative tense (ganhavam). Saying Eles ganhavam se o capitão marcasse aquele penálti sounds perfectly natural and means exactly the same thing.

Why does the word penálti have an accent mark?

Words ending in -i naturally have the stress on the final syllable in Portuguese. Because penálti is borrowed from the English word penalty, it needs to keep the stress on the first syllable instead. The acute accent forces the stress onto the á and tells you to use an open sound.

Why use aquele for that penalty instead of esse?