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Portuguese (Portugal)

### Asking "Which" or "What": Qual and Quais

In Portuguese, use **qual** when asking "which" or "what" to inquire about a specific choice or identity, such as asking for a price or size.

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When asking about multiple items, **qual** becomes plural: **quais**. You will often see these question words paired with verbs like **querer** (to want) and **preferir** (to prefer).

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### Asking "How much" or "How many": Quanto

Unlike *qual*, the question word for "how much" or "how many" changes to match the noun it describes in both gender and number.

- **quanto** / **quanta** = how much (singular)
- **quantos** / **quantas** = how many (plural)

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When asking "how much" generally (such as asking for a total price), use the default masculine singular **quanto**.

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### Asking "How": Como

To ask "how" an action is done, simply use **como**.

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### Stating Preferences: Gostar de

To say that you like something, use the verb **gostar** followed by the preposition **de** (literally, to like *of*). Remember that **de** merges with definite articles (**o, a, os, as**) to form **do, da, dos, das**.

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When you favor one item over another, you can use **preferir** (to prefer). It does not require a preposition.

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Asking which and how many (qual, quanto)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

contraction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

phrase

prefix

prep

preposition

pron

pronoun

sentence

verb

Demonstratives and the verb to be (isto é, o, a)

Subject pronouns and negation (eu, não)

Yes/no questions and question words (quem, o que)

Plural pronouns, articles, and verbs (somos, são, os, as)

Origin and possession (de, do, da)

Introductions (chamar-se)

Indefinite articles (um, uma, uns, umas)

The verb to be for locations (estar)

Contrasting the two verbs to be (ser vs. estar)

Preposition for locations (em, no, na)

Numbers 0 to 10 (zero, um, dois)

The verb to have (tenho, tem)

Regular -ar verbs (falar, trabalhar)

Regular -er verbs (comer, beber)

Regular -ir verbs (abrir, partir)

My, your, and our (o meu, a nossa)

His, hers, and theirs (dele, dela)

Adjective agreement and placement

Days of the week (segunda-feira)

Months of the year (janeiro)

Counting by tens to 100 (trinta, quarenta...)

Telling time (é uma, são...)

Asking about time (quando, a que horas)

The verb to go (ir)

Prepositions of direction (a, para)

Preposition a contractions (ao, à, aos, às)

Prepositions of place (ao lado de, em frente de...)

Demonstratives (este, esse, aquele)

Contractions with demonstratives (neste, desse, daquele)

Plurals ending in -ão (-ões, -ãos, -ães)

Plurals ending in consonants (-ns, -is, -es)

The verb to like (gostar de)

The verb to need (precisar de)

The verb to want (querer)

The verb can or may (poder)

Expressing obligation (ter de)

Adverbs of degree (muito, pouco)

Quantifiers (muito, pouco)

Comparatives (mais... do que, menos... do que)

Equality comparisons (tão... como)

The preposition com (comigo, contigo)

Coordinating conjunctions (e, mas, ou, porque)

The preposition por (pelo, pela)

Double negation (nunca, nada, ninguém)

Present continuous (estar a)

Near future (ir)

Past tense of regular -ar verbs

Past tense of regular -er and -ir verbs

Past tense of ser and ir (fui, foi)

Direct object pronouns (me, te, o, a, nos, os, as)

Pronoun placement with negatives and questions

Greetings and courtesy (bom dia, obrigado)

Physical states with ter (ter fome, ter frio)

Asking the way (à direita, sempre em frente)

Colours (vermelho, amarelo, cor-de-rosa)

Money and shopping (custar, a moeda)

Getting around (o motorista, a paragem de autocarro)

Weather and seasons (faz calor, o inverno)

Omitting the subject pronoun

Where things are: ficar (Onde fica...?)

Richer questions: que + noun and é que

Numbers above 100 (cento e vinte, mil)

First-person sound changes (durmo, prefiro)

Advice and ability: dever and saber

Asking why: porquê and porque

When one thing happens: quando-clauses

Here and there: aqui, aí, ali (cá e lá)

Formal and plural possessives: o seu, o vosso

Irregular presents: ver, vir, dar

Present irregulars

Reflexive verbs (me, te, se, nos)

Stem-changing reflexives

Attached object pronouns (-lo, -la, -los, -las)

Nasal attached pronouns (-no, -na, -nos, -nas)

Pronoun placement with adverbs

Past tense of fazer, dizer, and trazer

Past tense of ter, estar, poder, and saber

Past tense of querer and vir

Past tense of ver, dar, and ler

Past tense reflexive verbs (-se)

Time elapsed in the past (há)

Already and not yet (já, ainda não)

Question	Answer
which / what (which one)	qual
the price	o preço
What is the price?	Qual é o preço?
the size	o tamanho
What is your size?	Qual é o teu tamanho?
to want	querer
There are many shoes here. Which ones do you want to buy?	Há muitos sapatos aqui. Quais queres comprar?
the apple	a maçã
to prefer	preferir
We have apples. Which ones does she prefer?	Temos maçãs. Quais prefere ela?
How many apples does your mother want to buy?	Quantas maçãs quer a tua mãe comprar?
How much water do they want to drink?	Quanta água querem eles beber?
to pay	pagar
How much do you want to pay, sir?	Quanto quer o senhor pagar?
How many euros do you have in your pocket?	Quantos euros tens no bolso?
How do you want to pay?	Como queres pagar?
to like	gostar de
This shirt is very cheap. I like the price.	Esta camisa é muito barata. Gosto do preço.
Do you like the white shirt?	Vocês gostam da camisa branca?
They prefer the small size.	Eles preferem o tamanho pequeno.