Asking which and how many (qual, quanto)

Asking "Which" or "What": Qual and Quais

In Portuguese, use qual when asking "which" or "what" to inquire about a specific choice or identity, such as asking for a price or size.

What is the price?
Qual é o preço?
What is your size?
Qual é o teu tamanho?

When asking about multiple items, qual becomes plural: quais. You will often see these question words paired with verbs like querer (to want) and preferir (to prefer).

There are many shoes here. Which ones do you want to buy?
Há muitos sapatos aqui. Quais queres comprar?
We have apples. Which ones does she prefer?
Temos maçãs. Quais prefere ela?

Asking "How much" or "How many": Quanto

Unlike qual, the question word for "how much" or "how many" changes to match the noun it describes in both gender and number.

  • quanto / quanta = how much (singular)
  • quantos / quantas = how many (plural)
How many apples does your mother want to buy?
Quantas maçãs quer a tua mãe comprar?
How much water do they want to drink?
Quanta água querem eles beber?
How many euros do you have in your pocket?
Quantos euros tens no bolso?

When asking "how much" generally (such as asking for a total price), use the default masculine singular quanto.

How much do you want to pay, sir?
Quanto quer o senhor pagar?

Asking "How": Como

To ask "how" an action is done, simply use como.

How do you want to pay?
Como queres pagar?

Stating Preferences: Gostar de

To say that you like something, use the verb gostar followed by the preposition de (literally, to like of). Remember that de merges with definite articles (o, a, os, as) to form do, da, dos, das.

This shirt is very cheap. I like the price.
Esta camisa é muito barata. Gosto do preço.
Do you like the white shirt?
Vocês gostam da camisa branca?

When you favor one item over another, you can use preferir (to prefer). It does not require a preposition.

They prefer the small size.
Eles preferem o tamanho pequeno.