Espero que te salga bien la presentación mañana.

Because espero que triggers the subjunctive.

After expressions of hope, desire, doubt, emotion, and similar ideas, Spanish often uses:

esperar que + subjunctive

So:

• Espero que te salga bien... = I hope it goes well for you...

If you said sale, that would be the indicative, which does not fit after espero que in standard Spanish.

Compare:

• Sé que sale bien. = I know it goes well.
• Espero que salga bien. = I hope it goes well.

Yes, salir often means to leave, to go out, or to come out, but in this kind of sentence it has an idiomatic meaning:

• salir bien = to go well, to turn out well
• salir mal = to go badly, to turn out badly

So que te salga bien la presentación literally feels like:

• that the presentation comes out well for you

But in natural English, that is usually:

• that your presentation goes well
• that your presentation turns out well

This is a very common use of salir in Spanish.

Here, te means for you.

So:

• Espero que salga bien la presentación = I hope the presentation goes well
• Espero que te salga bien la presentación = I hope the presentation goes well for you

It shows who is affected by the result. In English we often express that with for you, but in Spanish a pronoun like me, te, le, nos, os, les is very common.

Examples:

• Espero que te salga bien el examen. = I hope the exam goes well for you.
• Ojalá me salga bien la entrevista. = I hope the interview goes well for me.

Because Spanish often uses the definite article (el, la, los, las) instead of a possessive adjective when the owner is already clear from context.

Here, te already tells us whose presentation it is: yours.

So Spanish prefers:

• Espero que te salga bien la presentación.

rather than:

• Espero que te salga bien tu presentación.

Using tu presentación is not impossible, but it can sound less natural if ownership is already obvious.

This is very common in Spanish:

• Me duele la cabeza. = literally The head hurts me → My head hurts
• Te lavaste las manos. = You washed your hands

Spanish word order is more flexible than English word order.

All of these are possible:

• Espero que te salga bien la presentación mañana.
• Espero que la presentación te salga bien mañana.
• Espero que mañana te salga bien la presentación.

The version you have sounds very natural because Spanish often places the subject after the verb in this kind of sentence, especially when the sentence is introducing the event/result first.

So:

• te salga bien la presentación

is a very normal order.

It is not because the subject is missing; the subject is la presentación.

Yes. The subject is la presentación.

That is why the verb is singular:

• la presentación → salga

If the subject were plural, the verb would change:

• Espero que te salgan bien las presentaciones.

So even though la presentación comes after the verb, it is still the thing that goes well.

It comes from the verb salir, which is irregular.

A useful way to form many present subjunctives is to start from the yo form of the present indicative:

• yo salgo

Then remove the -o and add subjunctive endings:

• salga
• salgas
• salga
• salgamos
• salgáis
• salgan

So:

• Espero que te salga bien...

uses the él/ella/usted form, because the subject is la presentación.

You can say something very similar, but the most natural version with ir bien would usually be:

• Espero que te vaya bien en la presentación mañana.

There is a small difference in feel:

• que te salga bien la presentación = I hope the presentation turns out/goes well for you
• que te vaya bien en la presentación = I hope things go well for you in the presentation

Both are natural, but salir bien is especially common for things like:

• exams
• interviews
• presentations
• recipes
• plans
• performances

For example:

• Espero que te salga bien el examen.
• Espero que te salga bien la presentación.

Yes. Mañana is flexible.

You could say:

• Espero que te salga bien la presentación mañana.
• Espero que mañana te salga bien la presentación.
• Mañana espero que te salga bien la presentación.

All are grammatical, but they place the emphasis slightly differently.

The original version is very natural and neutral.

Yes, but the meaning changes.

• Espero que te salga la presentación sounds incomplete or unusual in most contexts.
• Espero que te salga bien la presentación is the normal expression.

That is because salir bien / salir mal is a common pair. Without bien or mal, the sentence may sound like something is missing.

You can also strengthen it:

• Espero que te salga muy bien la presentación. = I hope your presentation goes very well.

Or make it negative:

• Espero que no te salga mal la presentación. = I hope your presentation doesn’t go badly.

Yes, it is perfectly natural in Spain, and also widely understood and used elsewhere.

Nothing in the sentence is uniquely Spain-only in the way that, for example, vosotros would be. But the structure and wording are very standard and natural in Spain Spanish:

• Espero que te salga bien la presentación mañana.

A speaker from Spain would absolutely say this.

Yes, definitely.

Ojalá is another very common way to express hope, and it also takes the subjunctive.

So:

• Espero que te salga bien la presentación mañana.
• Ojalá te salga bien la presentación mañana.

Both mean something like I hope your presentation goes well tomorrow, but ojalá can sound a bit more emotional or heartfelt depending on context.

In Spain Spanish, salga is pronounced approximately:

• SAHL-gah

A few points:

• s is a clear s
• g before a is a hard g, like in go
• stress falls on the first syllable: SAL-ga

So the full sentence is roughly:

• es-PE-ro ke te SAL-ga byen la pre-sen-ta-THYON ma-NYA-na

In much of Spain, c before i in presentación is pronounced like th in thin, so:

• presentación → pre-sen-ta-THYON

But if you pronounce it with an s sound, people will still understand you.

Yes, very often. This is a useful pattern to learn:

Espero que + indirect object pronoun + salga bien + noun

Examples:

• Espero que te salga bien el examen.
• Espero que te salga bien la entrevista.
• Espero que te salga bien la reunión.
• Espero que te salga bien la receta.

And with other pronouns:

• Espero que me salga bien. = I hope it goes well for me.
• Espero que le salga bien. = I hope it goes well for him/her.
• Espero que os salga bien. = I hope it goes well for you all. (common in Spain)

So this sentence is a very good model for many everyday situations.