La bomba de aire va en el canasto.

In this sentence, va does not mean literal movement right now. It often means goes, belongs, or is supposed to be placed somewhere.

So La bomba de aire va en el canasto suggests:

• the air pump belongs in the basket
• the air pump should go in the basket

If you said está en el canasto, that would simply mean:

• the air pump is in the basket

So va en is more about the proper place or intended location, while está en is more about current location.

Literally, bomba de aire is pump of air. In natural English, that becomes air pump.

Spanish often uses this pattern:

• noun + de + noun

to describe what something is made for, contains, or is related to.

Examples:

• botella de agua = water bottle
• zapatos de cuero = leather shoes
• bomba de aire = air pump

So de here links bomba and aire in the same way English uses a noun before another noun.

Because bomba is a feminine noun in Spanish, so it takes the feminine article la.

• la bomba
• una bomba

This is something you usually just learn with the noun. Many nouns ending in -a are feminine, and bomba follows that common pattern.

Because canasto is a masculine noun.

• el canasto
• un canasto

This also follows a very common pattern: many nouns ending in -o are masculine. So in this sentence:

• la bomba
• el canasto

Here, en means in or inside. The sentence is talking about where the pump belongs or should be placed.

• va en el canasto = it goes in the basket / it belongs in the basket

If you used a, it would sound more like motion toward a destination, not placement inside it in this kind of sentence.

Also, a el normally contracts to al, but that is not what this sentence needs. The natural expression here is va en.

Canasto means basket. In many Latin American varieties of Spanish, canasto is a normal word for a basket.

Cesta can also mean basket, and in some places it may be more common depending on the type of basket or the region.

So yes, they are very close in meaning, but canasto is a very natural Latin American choice.

Yes, very possibly. On its own, canasto just means basket, but in context it could easily refer to:

• a bicycle basket
• a storage basket
• a shopping basket
• another type of basket

Likewise, bomba de aire could easily refer to a bicycle pump if the context is biking.

Yes. Bomba de aire is fairly general. Depending on context, it could refer to:

• a bicycle pump
• an air pump for inflatables
• an aquarium air pump
• another device that pumps air

So the exact kind of air pump depends on the situation, not just the grammar of the sentence.

Yes. Spanish often uses ir in this broader sense to talk about where something belongs, fits, or should be placed.

Examples:

• Eso va aquí. = That goes here.
• La leche va en el refrigerador. = The milk goes in the fridge.
• ¿Este cable va ahí? = Does this cable go there?

So La bomba de aire va en el canasto fits a very common and useful pattern.

Yes, but the original order is the most neutral and natural:

• La bomba de aire va en el canasto.

You could change the word order for emphasis in some contexts, for example:

• En el canasto va la bomba de aire.

That sounds more marked, as if you are emphasizing where it goes. For a learner, the original version is the best one to use first.

The difference is small in form but important in meaning:

• La bomba de aire va en el canasto.
  = The air pump goes in the basket / belongs in the basket / should be put in the basket.

• La bomba de aire está en el canasto.
  = The air pump is in the basket.

So va suggests intended placement or correct location, while está states actual location.

Aire is usually treated as a masculine noun in the singular:

• el aire

But in bomba de aire, there is no article because Spanish normally does not use one in this kind of noun + de + noun structure.

Compare:

• la bomba de aire
• una botella de agua
• el vaso de leche

So even though we normally say el aire, after de it is natural to just say aire.