La cuenta tiene un cargo mensual por sobregiro.

Here, cuenta means account, specifically a bank account.

Spanish cuenta can mean several things depending on context, such as:

• account
• bill
• count
• even part of expressions like darse cuenta = to realize

In this sentence, the banking words cargo and sobregiro make it clear that cuenta means bank account.

Tiene is the third-person singular present tense of tener = to have.

So:

• yo tengo = I have
• tú tienes = you have
• él/ella/usted tiene = he/she/you have

In La cuenta tiene..., the subject is la cuenta, which is singular, so tiene is the correct form.

Spanish often uses tener very naturally to say that something has a feature, fee, condition, or problem.

So La cuenta tiene un cargo mensual... is a normal way to say that the account has a monthly charge.

You could say something like Hay un cargo mensual por sobregiro en la cuenta, but that focuses more on the existence of the charge. The original sentence focuses on the account as having that fee.

Here, cargo means charge or fee.

This is a useful word to learn because cargo does not always mean the same thing in Spanish. Depending on context, it can also mean:

• a position or post at work
• a responsibility
• a charge to an account

In banking or billing contexts, cargo commonly means a fee or debit.

So un cargo mensual = a monthly charge.

Un is the indefinite article = a/an.

The sentence is introducing the fee as one charge among possible charges:

• un cargo mensual = a monthly charge

If you said el cargo mensual, that would sound more like you are referring to a specific monthly charge already known in the conversation:

• el cargo mensual = the monthly charge

So un is the natural choice here.

In Spanish, adjectives often come after the noun.

So:

• cargo mensual = monthly charge
• literally, charge monthly

That word order is very normal in Spanish.

Also, mensual is describing cargo, not cuenta. The charge is monthly, not the account.

It does modify cargo, which is masculine singular, but mensual has the same form for both masculine and feminine singular.

For example:

• un cargo mensual
• una tarifa mensual

So yes, it agrees grammatically, but you do not see a spelling change here because mensual does not change form in the singular.

Por sobregiro means for overdraft or because of overdraft.

The preposition por is used here to show the reason or cause of the charge:

• cargo por sobregiro = charge due to overdraft / overdraft charge

This is a very common use of por in Spanish: it can mean because of, for, or due to, depending on context.

Sobregiro means overdraft.

It refers to a situation where more money is taken from the account than is available in it.

So:

• cargo por sobregiro = overdraft fee or overdraft charge

This is a common banking term in much of Latin America.

It is widely understood in Latin America, but banking vocabulary can vary by country.

You may also see terms like:

• descubierto
• giro en descubierto

In a Latin American learning context, sobregiro is a very useful and common word to know.

That would sound less natural, because cobrar usually means to charge in the sense of what a person, bank, or company does.

An account usually does not charge you; rather, it has a charge.

More natural options would be:

• La cuenta tiene un cargo mensual por sobregiro.
• El banco cobra un cargo mensual por sobregiro.

So if the subject is the bank, cobra works well. If the subject is the account, tiene is the better choice.

Spanish often uses the definite article more than English does.

So La cuenta is a normal way to say the account. In context, it may refer to:

• a specific account already being discussed
• the account in a general institutional sense

Leaving out the article would usually sound incomplete here.

A recurring fee, because of mensual.

Mensual means monthly, so the sentence says the account has a charge that happens every month if the overdraft condition applies.

If it were a one-time fee, Spanish would usually use different wording, not mensual.