Я не расслышал объявление на перроне, потому что рядом шумел поезд.

Расслышать means to hear clearly / to make out what was said or heard, especially when it is difficult because of noise or distance.

So:

• Я не слышал объявление = I didn’t hear the announcement at all
• Я не расслышал объявление = I heard that something was said, but I couldn’t make it out clearly

In this sentence, расслышал is more precise because the problem was the noise from the train.

Also, расслышал is a perfective verb, which fits a single completed result: the speaker tried to hear it and failed.

That is the normal past tense marker in Russian.

In the past tense, Russian verbs also show gender in the singular:

• я расслышал = I heard clearly / I made out, if the speaker is male
• я расслышала = same thing, if the speaker is female

So this sentence suggests that the speaker is male. If a woman were speaking, it would be:

Я не расслышала объявление на перроне, потому что рядом шумел поезд.

It is in the accusative case, because it is the direct object of расслышал.

The tricky part is that for many neuter inanimate nouns, the accusative singular looks exactly like the nominative singular.

So:

• nominative: объявление
• accusative: объявление

There is no visible change here, but grammatically it is still accusative.

Here объявление means announcement, such as a public announcement made over speakers in a station.

Be careful: объявление can also mean notice, ad, or posting, depending on context.

In this sentence, because of на перроне and the noisy train, it clearly means a spoken station announcement.

Because на is being used to mean on / at a location, and with location it takes the prepositional case.

• перрон = platform
• prepositional singular: на перроне = on the platform / at the platform

Compare:

• на перроне = on the platform, at the location
• на перрон = onto the platform, showing motion toward it

So in this sentence, the announcement was heard (or not heard) at the platform, not moving onto it.

Both can relate to a railway platform, but they are not always used in exactly the same way.

• перрон often refers to the station platform area, especially in railway-station language
• платформа can also mean platform, but it is a broader word and can mean many kinds of platform

In many station contexts, both may be possible, but перрон sounds very natural here.

Because потому что means because and introduces a subordinate clause.

Russian normally separates this kind of clause with a comma:

• Я не расслышал объявление на перроне, потому что рядом шумел поезд.

This is standard Russian punctuation.

Шумел is the imperfective past tense of шуметь, meaning was making noise / was noisy.

It works well here because the train’s noise is background ongoing action. The train was making noise at the time the speaker failed to hear the announcement.

So:

• шумел = was making noise, kept making noise
• зашумел = started making noise

This sentence is about the continuing noise, not the moment the noise began.

Because the sentence needs a verb, not an adjective.

• шумел = was making noise
• шумный = noisy

You could say:

• рядом шумел поезд = a train nearby was making noise

But поезд шумный would mean the train is noisy, which describes it as a quality rather than describing the action happening at that moment.

Рядом means nearby / close by.

In this sentence:

• рядом шумел поезд = a train was making noise nearby

It works here as an adverb.

You may also see рядом с + instrumental, meaning next to something:

• рядом со станцией = next to the station
• рядом с поездом = next to the train

But in your sentence, рядом stands alone and simply means nearby.

Russian word order is more flexible than English word order.

All of these are possible in the right context:

• Рядом шумел поезд
• Поезд шумел рядом
• Шумел поезд рядом

The version in your sentence sounds natural because it first sets the scene with рядом = nearby, and then introduces the source of the noise: поезд.

So the order helps the sentence flow as:

• I didn’t hear the announcement...
• because nearby...
• a train was making noise.

That is the normal way to negate a verb in Russian.

• расслышал = heard clearly / made out
• не расслышал = did not hear clearly / did not make out

So не usually goes directly before the verb it negates.

Russian has no articles like English a and the.

So Russian simply says:

• объявление
• поезд

Whether it means an announcement or the announcement, a train or the train, depends on context.

In this sentence, the context makes them definite in English:

• the announcement
• the train

because both are understood from the situation.

Yes, in natural English that is often the best translation.

Because не расслышал means something like:

• I couldn’t make out the announcement
• I couldn’t hear the announcement properly
• I didn’t catch the announcement
• I didn’t hear the announcement clearly

So even though the Russian verb is more specific than plain hear, natural English may use several different phrases depending on style.

It is one of the most common and neutral ways to say because.

Here it works perfectly:

• ..., потому что рядом шумел поезд. = ..., because a train was making noise nearby.

You may also meet так как, which can also mean since / because, but потому что is extremely common in everyday speech and writing.

No, only the past tense verb with я would change for gender.

So:

• male speaker: Я не расслышал объявление...
• female speaker: Я не расслышала объявление...

The rest stays the same:

• объявление
• на перроне
• потому что рядом шумел поезд

The verb шумел does not change, because it agrees with поезд, which is masculine.