Um homem casado comprou uma casa.

Because Portuguese nouns have grammatical gender.

• homem is masculine, so it takes um
• casa is feminine, so it takes uma

So:

• um homem = masculine singular
• uma casa = feminine singular

These words are the indefinite articles, equivalent to a / an in English.

In Portuguese, adjectives often come after the noun they describe.

So:

• homem casado = married man

This is the normal, natural order here. English usually puts adjectives before the noun, but Portuguese often puts them after.

You can think of it as:

• noun first: homem
• adjective second: casado

Because adjectives in Portuguese usually agree with the noun in gender and number.

Here, homem is:

• masculine
• singular

So the adjective must also be masculine singular:

• casado

If the noun were feminine, it would change:

• uma mulher casada

If it were plural, it would change too:

• homens casados
• mulheres casadas

Comprou is the 3rd person singular of the verb comprar in the pretérito perfeito simples.

In practical terms, it is the normal tense for a completed action in the past:

• comprou = bought

So the sentence describes one finished action: the man bought the house.

Related forms:

• eu comprei = I bought
• tu compraste = you bought
• ele/ela comprou = he/she bought

Because Portuguese often does not need a subject pronoun when the subject is already clear.

In this sentence, the subject is explicitly stated:

• Um homem casado

So there is no need to add ele.

Portuguese often allows this kind of omission, unlike English.

For example:

• Comprou uma casa. = He/She bought a house.
  (The subject is understood from context.)

But here the subject is already given, so the full sentence is:

• Um homem casado comprou uma casa.

Mostly yes. The basic structure is:

• Subject: Um homem casado
• Verb: comprou
• Object: uma casa

So the sentence follows the common Subject–Verb–Object pattern, just like English.

The main difference is inside the subject phrase:

• English: a married man
• Portuguese: um homem casado

So the sentence structure is similar overall, but adjective placement is different.

Usually it means a house.

Like English a/an, Portuguese um/uma can sometimes also mean one, but that depends on context and emphasis.

In this sentence, the normal reading is simply:

• uma casa = a house

If you wanted to strongly emphasize the number one, context or intonation would normally make that clearer.

In European Portuguese, um is pronounced with a nasal sound.

It is not pronounced like English oom.

A rough guide:

• um ≈ a nasal oo sound

IPA: /ũ/

This nasal vowel can be tricky for English speakers, so it is best learned by listening and repeating.

A few useful points:

• the h is silent
• the stress is on the first syllable
• the ending -em is nasal in European Portuguese

IPA: /ˈɔmɐj̃/

A rough approximation is difficult in English, but the important things are:

• start with something like o in off
• do not pronounce the h
• make the final part nasal

This is a word worth hearing from native audio, because English spelling-based guesses are usually misleading.

Yes. Casa can mean both house and home, depending on context.

In this sentence, the most natural meaning is probably house, because it is something that was bought:

• comprou uma casa

But in other sentences, casa can clearly mean home:

• Estou em casa. = I’m at home.

So the exact meaning depends on the situation.

No, not in a normal sentence like this.

In standard Portuguese, you would normally say:

• Um homem casado comprou uma casa.

If you removed the articles:

• Homem casado comprou casa

it would sound unnatural in ordinary standard usage, or like a headline / note rather than a normal full sentence.

So in this kind of sentence, the articles are expected.

Yes, but it would usually sound less natural here.

• um homem casado is the normal, simple way to say a married man
• um homem que é casado literally means a man who is married

The second version is grammatically possible, but it is longer and more explicit than necessary. Portuguese, like English, usually prefers the shorter adjective form when possible.

Here are the most useful forms:

• um homem casado → uns homens casados
• uma casa → umas casas

And with the verb:

• singular: comprou
• plural: compraram

So the plural version would be:

• Uns homens casados compraram umas casas.

This is useful because Portuguese changes articles, nouns, adjectives, and verbs to match number.