Na kolację zrobię sałatkę z ogórkiem kiszonym, jajkiem i małym kawałkiem sera.

Na kolację means for dinner.

In Polish, na + accusative is very often used to talk about something intended for a meal, occasion, or purpose:

• na śniadanie = for breakfast
• na obiad = for lunch/dinner
• na kolację = for dinner/supper

So Na kolację zrobię... is a very natural way to say I’ll make ... for dinner.

Because na here requires the accusative case.

The basic form is:

• kolacja = dinner/supper

But after na in this meaning, it changes to the accusative:

• na kolację

This is very common with feminine nouns ending in -a:

• kawa → na kawę
• herbata → na herbatę
• kolacja → na kolację

Zrobię is the future tense of the perfective verb zrobić.

Here the speaker is talking about making the salad as a completed action in the future:

• zrobię = I will make / I’ll prepare

Compare:

• robię = I am making / I make
• zrobię = I will make (and complete it)

In Polish, perfective verbs usually do not have a present tense with present meaning. Their present-looking forms often express the future instead.

So:

• robić = imperfective, ongoing/repeated action
• zrobić = perfective, completed result

In this sentence, zrobię is the natural choice.

Because sałatkę is the accusative singular of sałatka.

The noun sałatka is the direct object of zrobię:

• sałatka = salad
• zrobię sałatkę = I’ll make a salad

For feminine nouns ending in -a, the accusative singular usually changes to -ę:

• kanapka → kanapkę
• zupa → zupę
• sałatka → sałatkę

Because the preposition z here means with, and in that meaning it takes the instrumental case.

So:

• ogórek kiszony → z ogórkiem kiszonym
• jajko → z jajkiem
• mały kawałek → z małym kawałkiem

This is a very important pattern:

• z mlekiem = with milk
• z cukrem = with sugar
• z serem = with cheese

In your sentence, the salad is made with those ingredients, so instrumental is used after z.

Because both the noun and its adjective must match in case, number, and gender.

Base form:

• ogórek kiszony = pickled cucumber

After z, we need the instrumental singular masculine form:

• z ogórkiem kiszonym

So:

• ogórek → ogórkiem
• kiszony → kiszonym

This agreement happens throughout Polish:

• z małym psem
• z dobrą kawą
• z zimnym mlekiem

The adjective changes because it has to stay grammatically linked to the noun.

Yes, kiszonym ogórkiem is grammatically possible.

But ogórek kiszony is a very common fixed food expression, like a standard product name: pickled cucumber. In Polish, some descriptive food adjectives are very often placed after the noun:

• ogórek kiszony
• ser żółty
• kapusta kiszona

So z ogórkiem kiszonym sounds very natural.

Putting the adjective before the noun can sometimes sound more contrastive, descriptive, or stylistically marked, depending on context. For a learner, it is safest to remember the common phrase ogórek kiszony.

Because the speaker specifically means a small piece of cheese, not just cheese in general.

Compare:

• z serem = with cheese
• z małym kawałkiem sera = with a small piece of cheese

So kawałek adds a more precise idea of quantity or form.

This is very natural in Polish when talking about ingredients:

• z plasterkiem szynki = with a slice of ham
• z kawałkiem kurczaka = with a piece of chicken
• z odrobiną masła = with a little butter

Because after nouns of quantity or portion like kawałek (piece), Polish usually puts the following noun in the genitive.

So:

• kawałek sera = a piece of cheese
• kawałek chleba = a piece of bread
• szklanka wody = a glass of water

In the full phrase:

• z małym kawałkiem sera

the word kawałkiem is instrumental because it follows z, but sera stays genitive because it depends on kawałkiem.

So there are two layers here:

1. z requires instrumental: kawałkiem
2. kawałek requires genitive: sera

Grammatically, singular is completely fine.

Z jajkiem means with egg or with an egg, and in food descriptions Polish often uses the singular in a general ingredient sense.

It does not always focus on exact count. It can simply name one ingredient category.

If you wanted to be more explicit, you could say:

• z jajkami = with eggs
• z jednym jajkiem = with one egg
• z jajkiem na twardo = with a hard-boiled egg

So z jajkiem is natural and idiomatic.

Polish word order is fairly flexible, though some versions sound more natural than others.

This sentence:

• Na kolację zrobię sałatkę z ogórkiem kiszonym, jajkiem i małym kawałkiem sera.

is a very natural neutral version, with Na kolację setting the context first.

Other possible orders include:

• Zrobię na kolację sałatkę z ogórkiem kiszonym, jajkiem i małym kawałkiem sera.
• Sałatkę z ogórkiem kiszonym, jajkiem i małym kawałkiem sera zrobię na kolację.

These alternatives are possible, but they shift emphasis. The original version sounds smooth and everyday.

Yes. Z can mean different things in Polish depending on context, for example:

• with
• from / out of
• sometimes part of other set expressions

Here it clearly means with, because the sentence lists ingredients of the salad:

• z ogórkiem kiszonym
• jajkiem
• i małym kawałkiem sera

So this is the ingredient/composition use of z, very common in recipes and food descriptions:

• kanapka z serem
• makaron z sosem
• sałatka z kurczakiem

Yes, very normal.

In Polish, a food item is often described with z + instrumental to show what it contains or is served with:

• sałatka z kurczakiem = salad with chicken
• kanapka z szynką = sandwich with ham
• pizza z pieczarkami = pizza with mushrooms

So sałatkę z ogórkiem kiszonym, jajkiem i małym kawałkiem sera is a very natural structure.