W kwietniu moja córka jedzie z nami na krótką wycieczkę do lasu.

Because w meaning in for a month takes the locative case.

• dictionary form: kwiecień = April
• locative form: kwietniu

So:

• w kwietniu = in April

This is very common with months:

• w maju = in May
• w lipcu = in July
• w grudniu = in December

Because córka is a feminine noun, so the possessive adjective must also be feminine.

• mój = masculine
• moja = feminine
• moje = neuter

So:

• moja córka = my daughter
• mój syn = my son
• moje dziecko = my child

Polish adjectives and possessives must agree with the noun in gender, and often also in case and number.

Jedzie is from jechać, which usually means to go/travel by some vehicle or means of transport.

So in this sentence, moja córka jedzie z nami suggests that the daughter is going with them by car, bus, train, etc., or at least as part of a journey rather than on foot.

Compare:

• iść / idzie = to go on foot
• jechać / jedzie = to go by vehicle
• lecieć / leci = to fly

So:

• Idę do sklepu = I’m going to the shop on foot
• Jadę do sklepu = I’m going to the shop by car/bus/etc.

This is very normal in Polish. A present-tense form can be used for a planned or scheduled future action, especially when there is a time expression like w kwietniu.

So:

• W kwietniu moja córka jedzie... = In April my daughter is going / will go...

English does something similar:

• My daughter is going in April
• The train leaves tomorrow

So grammatically the verb form is present, but the meaning is future because the time phrase makes that clear.

Yes, pojedzie is also possible, but the nuance is a little different.

• jedzie can sound like a planned, arranged future event
• pojedzie is the perfective future and focuses more on the single completed act of going

So both can work, but they do not feel exactly the same.

Very roughly:

• W kwietniu moja córka jedzie z nami... = In April my daughter is going with us...
• W kwietniu moja córka pojedzie z nami... = In April my daughter will go with us...

The sentence you were given is perfectly natural if the idea is a planned trip.

Because after z meaning with, Polish uses the instrumental case.

The pronoun my means we, but after z it changes to nami.

So:

• my = we
• z nami = with us

Other examples:

• z mną = with me
• z tobą = with you
• z nim = with him
• z nią = with her
• z nimi = with them

Because na can take the accusative case when it shows movement toward a destination/event/activity.

Here the idea is going on a trip, so Polish uses:

• na wycieczkę = on a trip / for a trip

Both words change because they must match the accusative feminine singular:

• krótka → krótką
• wycieczka → wycieczkę

So:

• na krótką wycieczkę = on a short trip

Compare this with location:

• na wycieczce = on a trip, being on the trip already

So the contrast is:

• jedzie na wycieczkę = she is going on a trip
• jest na wycieczce = she is on a trip

Because they express two different ideas:

• na krótką wycieczkę = what kind of outing/trip she is going on
• do lasu = where that trip goes

So the sentence means something like:

• she is going on a short trip
• that trip is to the forest

This is very natural in Polish. You can think of it as:

• na wycieczkę = for a trip / on an excursion
• do lasu = to the forest

Because do always takes the genitive case.

The noun las changes like this:

• nominative: las = forest
• genitive: lasu

So:

• do lasu = to the forest

This is a very important pattern:

• do domu = to the house/home
• do szkoły = to school
• do miasta = to the city

Because do lasu shows movement toward a place, while w lesie shows location in a place.

• do lasu = to the forest
• w lesie = in the forest

So in your sentence, the daughter is traveling somewhere, so do lasu is correct.

Compare:

• Jedziemy do lasu = We are going to the forest
• Jesteśmy w lesie = We are in the forest

It is in the nominative case, because it is the subject of the sentence.

The subject is the person or thing doing the action. Here, the daughter is the one who jedzie.

So:

• moja córka = nominative subject
• jedzie = is going

This is the basic sentence structure in Polish, even though word order can be flexible.

Yes. Polish word order is much more flexible than English word order because the endings show the grammatical relationships.

The original sentence:

• W kwietniu moja córka jedzie z nami na krótką wycieczkę do lasu.

You could also say:

• Moja córka jedzie z nami na krótką wycieczkę do lasu w kwietniu.
• Z nami moja córka jedzie w kwietniu na krótką wycieczkę do lasu.

But the emphasis changes.

The original version starts with W kwietniu, which puts the time first and sounds very natural. English learners should know that in Polish, changing word order often changes focus or style, not the core meaning.

Because Polish has no articles.

English needs words like:

• a daughter
• the forest
• a short trip

Polish usually does not use anything equivalent. The meaning is understood from context.

So:

• moja córka can mean my daughter
• do lasu can mean to the forest
• na krótką wycieczkę can mean on a short trip

Context tells you whether English should use a, the, or sometimes no article at all.

The final ą is a nasal vowel, but in everyday speech its pronunciation often changes depending on position and surrounding sounds.

In krótką, the ending -ą is the normal feminine accusative singular adjective ending. Pronunciation-wise, many speakers say something close to:

• krótkom or krótkɔ̃ depending on accent and speech style

For a learner, the important thing is:

• spell it krótką
• recognize it as the feminine accusative ending
• do not worry if the exact sound feels difficult at first

Also, ó is pronounced like u, so krótką sounds roughly like KROOT-kon with a nasalized final sound.

Because adjectives and nouns can have different accusative endings.

Here both words are feminine singular accusative, but they change in different ways:

• adjective: krótka → krótką
• noun: wycieczka → wycieczkę

This is a normal pattern in Polish:

• dobra książka → widzę dobrą książkę
• mała kawa → zamawiam małą kawę
• krótka wycieczka → na krótką wycieczkę

So even though both words are feminine and accusative, they do not take the same ending.

Usually it simply means in April.

Depending on context, it can sometimes feel a little like during April, but in most cases you should translate it as in April.

So here:

• W kwietniu moja córka jedzie... = In April my daughter is going...

It tells you the trip happens at some time in April, not necessarily throughout the whole month.