Breakdown of Jutro będę pisać krótką wiadomość do mojej szkoły, bo jestem nowym uczniem.
ja
I
być
to be
mój
my
do
to
nowy
new
bo
because
jutro
tomorrow
krótki
short
pisać
to write
wiadomość
the message
szkoła
the school
uczeń
the student
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Questions & Answers about Jutro będę pisać krótką wiadomość do mojej szkoły, bo jestem nowym uczniem.
Why is the future action expressed using the construction będę pisać instead of a simple conjugated form of the main verb?
In Polish, imperfective verbs form their future by combining the future form of być (here, będę for “I will”) with the infinitive of the main verb (pisać). This construction implies that the action is either ongoing or planned and does not necessarily signify its completion, which is a nuance important in Polish aspect.
What is the role of jutro at the beginning of the sentence, and does its placement change the meaning?
Jutro means “tomorrow” and is placed at the beginning to clearly set the time frame for the action. In Polish, as in English, adverbs of time can be positioned at the start of a sentence to emphasize when something will occur, and its placement does not alter the sentence’s overall meaning.
Why is the adjective krótką used instead of krótka when describing wiadomość?
Even though wiadomość (“message”) is a feminine noun, it appears as the direct object in this sentence, which requires the accusative case. For feminine adjectives, the accusative singular form changes the ending from -a (nominative, as in krótka) to -ą, resulting in krótką. This agreement in case between the adjective and its noun is essential in Polish grammar.
What case is required after the preposition do as seen in do mojej szkoły, and why is it used here?
The preposition do always governs the genitive case in Polish. Therefore, mojej szkoły is in the genitive, indicating direction or destination (“to my school”). This is a standard rule for the preposition and helps to mark relationships between actions and places in Polish.
Why does the clause bo jestem nowym uczniem use the present tense (and the instrumental case) even though the main clause is in the future?
The subordinate clause bo jestem nowym uczniem (“because I am a new student”) provides a reason and is expressed in the present tense, which is common for stating causes or general truths in Polish. Additionally, after the linking verb jestem, Polish typically uses the instrumental case for the predicate noun—in this case, nowym uczniem—to emphasize role or status.
Why is the subject pronoun (like ja, meaning “I”) omitted in this sentence?
Polish is a pro-drop language, meaning that the subject is often left out when the verb ending already clearly indicates the person. In będę pisać, the -ę ending shows that the subject is first-person singular, so there is no need to explicitly include ja.