Jeg tar et eple og en banan med meg til jobben.

Because Norwegian nouns have grammatical gender.

• eple is a neuter noun, so in the singular indefinite form it takes et: et eple
• banan is a common-gender noun, so it takes en: en banan

This is something you usually have to learn together with the noun. For example:

• et eple → eplet = the apple
• en banan → bananen = the banana

In Norwegian, the definite article is usually attached to the end of the noun instead of being a separate word like English the.

So:

• jobb = job / work
• jobben = the job / the workplace / work

The ending -en is the definite ending for this noun. So til jobben is literally to the job, but in natural English it usually means to work or to my workplace.

Because med is a preposition, and after a preposition Norwegian uses the object form of the pronoun, not the subject form.

• jeg = I (subject form)
• meg = me (object form)

So:

• jeg tar ... = I take ...
• med meg = with me

This is just like English using with me, not with I.

Yes. Å ta med seg noe is a very common expression meaning to take/bring something with you.

The pronoun changes depending on the person:

• jeg tar med meg = I take/bring with me
• du tar med deg = you take/bring with you
• hun tar med seg = she takes/brings with her

A useful thing to remember is that seg is only used for the third person. In the first person, Norwegian uses meg, not seg.

Yes, absolutely. In fact, many learners will meet that order first, because it keeps the expression tar med meg together.

Both are possible:

• Jeg tar et eple og en banan med meg til jobben.
• Jeg tar med meg et eple og en banan til jobben.

The second version often feels a bit more natural because ta med seg is such a common unit. The first version is still correct; it just places a little more focus on et eple og en banan before med meg appears.

Because Norwegian main clauses follow the verb-second pattern. The finite verb usually comes in the second position.

Here the first element is the subject Jeg, so the verb comes next:

• Jeg
  • tar
    • ...

That is normal Norwegian word order.

You can see the same rule if something else comes first:

• Til jobben tar jeg med meg et eple og en banan.

The verb tar is still in second position.

Because in Norwegian, singular countable nouns normally need their own determiner.

So you say:

• et eple
• en banan

And when you join them, both keep their article:

• et eple og en banan

Also, since the nouns have different genders, you could not use just one article for both anyway.

Literally, yes. But idiomatically it usually means to work or to my workplace.

Norwegian often uses jobb or jobben where English simply says work.

Compare:

• Jeg er på jobb. = I am at work.
• Jeg drar til jobben. = I’m going to work.

So til jobben should usually be understood as a natural everyday expression, not as an odd literal phrase.

Tar is the present tense of å ta.

Depending on context, it can match several English forms:

• I take
• I am taking
• sometimes even I’m taking in a near-future sense

So this sentence could describe:

• a habit: I take an apple and a banana with me to work
• a current plan: I’m taking an apple and a banana with me to work

Norwegian often uses the present tense in places where English might choose either present simple or present continuous.

Og simply means and. It joins the two nouns:

• et eple og en banan = an apple and a banana

There is nothing unusual about it in this sentence. The main thing to notice is that the two nouns stay in the same case and each keeps its own article.