Learn Hardcore Malay: Bangku panjang di taman itu dibersihkan setiap pagi, jadi orang ramai gembira duduk di sana. - The long bench in the park is cleaned every morning, so people are happy sitting there.

"Bangku panjang" literally translates to "long bench" in English. Notice that in Malay the adjective comes after the noun, so "bangku" (bench) is followed by "panjang" (long). This contrasts with English, where adjectives typically precede the noun.

What does "di taman itu" mean in this sentence?

"Di taman itu" means "in that park" (or "in that garden"). Here, "taman" refers to a park or garden, and "itu" is a demonstrative pronoun meaning "that," which specifies which park is being talked about.

How is the verb "dibersihkan" formed, and what does it indicate?

"Dibersihkan" is constructed with the prefix "di-" to form the passive voice. The root is "bersihkan" (to clean), so "dibersihkan" means "is cleaned" or "are cleaned." The passive construction focuses on the action being done to the bench rather than who performs the action.

What is the meaning and function of "setiap pagi" in the sentence?

"Setiap pagi" translates to "every morning." It functions as an adverbial phrase that describes how often the bench is cleaned, stressing that the cleaning routine happens daily.

What role does the word "jadi" play in this sentence?

In this context, "jadi" means "so" or "thus." It acts as a conjunction linking the two parts of the sentence by showing a cause-and-effect relationship: because the bench is cleaned every morning, people are happy to sit there.

What does "orang ramai" mean, and what does it imply in this sentence?

"Orang ramai" means "many people" or "the public/crowd." In the sentence, it indicates that a large number of people are happy to sit on the bench, emphasizing its popularity and the positive effect of its cleanliness.

Why is the passive voice used in "dibersihkan," and how does this affect the focus of the sentence?

The passive voice in "dibersihkan" is used to emphasize the state of the bench (that it has been cleaned) rather than who performed the cleaning. This construction is common in Malay when the actor is either unknown or less important than the outcome of the action.

How does the overall sentence structure convey a complete idea, and what are its main components?

The sentence is made up of two key parts connected by "jadi." The first part, "Bangku panjang di taman itu dibersihkan setiap pagi," states the routine action of cleaning the bench. The second part, "orang ramai gembira duduk di sana," expresses the result—people are happy to sit there. This clear cause-and-effect structure helps the learner understand both the action and its consequence in one coherent sentence.