Við ætlum að búa til salat aftur á morgun ef við eigum enn avókadó, baunir og ferskar kryddjurtir.

The pattern ætla að + infinitive means to intend to, to plan to, or often to be going to.

So Við ætlum að búa til salat means something like:

• We plan to make salad
• We intend to make salad
• We’re going to make salad

It is a very common way to talk about future plans in Icelandic.

Here að is the infinitive marker, like English to in to make.

So:

• ætlum að búa til = plan to make

This að is not the same as the preposition að meaning things like to or at in other contexts. Here it is just part of the infinitive construction.

Búa til is the expression that means make, create, or prepare.

By itself, búa often means live or reside, and in some contexts it can relate to preparing or getting ready. But in this sentence, you should learn búa til as a unit:

• búa til salat = make salad
• búa til kvöldmat = make dinner

So yes, the important meaning here comes from the whole phrase búa til, not just búa alone.

Icelandic does not have a separate indefinite article like English a/an.

So:

• salat can mean salad or a salad, depending on context.

If you want the salad, Icelandic usually adds the definite article to the end of the noun instead of using a separate word.

So the lack of a word for a is completely normal.

It means again tomorrow.

• aftur = again
• á morgun = tomorrow

So the idea is: they will make salad again, and the time is tomorrow.

Yes, both exist, but they mean different things:

• á morgun = tomorrow
• í morgun = this morning

That difference is very important.

So in this sentence:

• á morgun is correct because the action is happening tomorrow.

After ef (if), Icelandic often uses the present tense to talk about a future condition, just like English often does.

Compare:

• English: If we still have avocado tomorrow, we’ll make salad.
• Icelandic: ef við eigum enn avókadó ...

So eigum is present in form, but the meaning is future-oriented because of the context.

Both eiga and hafa can relate to having, but they are not always used in the same way.

Here, eiga is very natural because it refers to having something in one’s possession / still having some left / owning or having available.

So:

• ef við eigum enn avókadó = if we still have avocado

That sounds very natural in Icelandic when talking about ingredients you still have at home.

Enn means still here.

So:

• við eigum enn avókadó = we still have avocado

It can also mean yet in some contexts, but in this sentence still is the best match.

Because enn is modifying the verb idea eigum: still have.

So the structure is essentially:

• ef við eigum enn X, Y og Z
• if we still have X, Y, and Z

This placement is very normal in Icelandic. The adverb often comes before the object.

Because Icelandic adjectives must agree with the noun they describe in gender, number, and case.

Here:

• kryddjurtir = herbs
• it is plural
• it is feminine
• it is a direct object here

So the adjective ferskur (fresh) changes to ferskar to match:

• ferskar kryddjurtir = fresh herbs

This kind of agreement is a major feature of Icelandic grammar.

They are direct objects, so they are in the accusative.

For example:

• búa til salat → salat is the object
• eiga avókadó, baunir og ferskar kryddjurtir → those food words are objects too

In some nouns, the accusative form looks the same as the nominative, so you may not always see an obvious ending change. But grammatically, these are object forms.

Here it is normally repeated because each clause has its own subject.

The sentence has:

• a main clause: Við ætlum að búa til salat aftur á morgun
• a subordinate clause: ef við eigum enn avókadó, baunir og ferskar kryddjurtir

Just like English says we plan ... if we have ..., Icelandic also repeats við.

So the repetition is normal and expected.