Þó að hindberin væru dýrari en ananasinn, keypti hún þau samt fyrir eftirréttinn.

Þó að means although / even though. It introduces a concessive subordinate clause, meaning a clause that sets up a contrast:

• Þó að hindberin væru dýrari... = Although the raspberries were more expensive...
• ...keypti hún þau samt... = ...she bought them anyway...

So the whole sentence has the pattern Although X, Y anyway.

Væru is the past subjunctive form of vera (to be) for a plural subject.

A very common pattern in Icelandic is that þó að is followed by the subjunctive, so learners should expect that here:

• þó að ... væru = although ... were

The subject is hindberin (the raspberries), which is plural, so the verb is plural too.

Very roughly:

• voru = past indicative were
• væru = past subjunctive were

In this sentence, væru is the normal choice after þó að.

Here it is plural: the raspberries.

That can be confusing because hindber is one of those Icelandic neuter nouns where the indefinite singular and indefinite plural can look the same:

• hindber = a raspberry
• hindber = raspberries
• hindberið = the raspberry
• hindberin = the raspberries

In this sentence, we know it is plural because:

• the form is hindberin
• the verb is plural: væru
• the pronoun later is plural: þau

Because Icelandic usually expresses the as a suffix attached to the noun, not as a separate word.

So:

• hindberin = the raspberries
• ananasinn = the pineapple

Compare:

• hindber = raspberries / a raspberry
• hindberin = the raspberries
• ananas = pineapple
• ananasinn = the pineapple

This is one of the biggest structural differences from English.

Because Icelandic pronouns agree with the noun’s grammatical gender and number, not with natural gender.

Hindber is a neuter noun, and here it is plural, so the matching pronoun is þau.

• hindberin = the raspberries
• þau = them / they (neuter plural)

In this sentence, þau is the direct object of keypti:

• keypti hún þau = she bought them

A useful thing to notice is that for neuter plural, the nominative and accusative form is the same: þau.

This is the standard Icelandic way to make a comparison:

• dýr = expensive
• dýrari = more expensive
• en = than

So:

• dýrari en ananasinn = more expensive than the pineapple

The pattern is:

• comparative adjective + en + noun

Examples:

• stærri en... = bigger than...
• betri en... = better than...
• ódýrari en... = cheaper than...

Samt means anyway / still / nevertheless in this kind of sentence.

It emphasizes that the second part happened despite the first part:

• Þó að hindberin væru dýrari...
• ...keypti hún þau samt...

So the idea is: Even though they were more expensive, she bought them anyway.

Without samt, the sentence would still make sense, but samt makes the contrast clearer and more natural.

This is because Icelandic follows a verb-second pattern in main clauses.

When the sentence begins with something other than the subject — here, the whole subordinate clause Þó að hindberin væru dýrari en ananasinn — the finite verb of the main clause comes next:

• Þó að ..., keypti hún ...

So the order is:

1. fronted subordinate clause
2. finite verb
3. subject

That is why you get:

• keypti hún

If you started directly with the main clause, you could say:

• Hún keypti þau samt fyrir eftirréttinn.

Here fyrir means for in the sense of intended for / for the purpose of.

So:

• fyrir eftirréttinn = for the dessert

In this use, fyrir takes the accusative, which is why you see:

• eftirréttur = dessert
• eftirréttinn = the dessert (accusative definite form)

So the phrase means that she bought the raspberries for the dessert, not just in a general sense, but for a specific dessert already understood in the context.

Not naturally. Even though þó að is made up of two words, you should learn it as a single expression meaning although / even though.

So a natural match is:

• Þó að ... = Although ...
• Þó að ... samt ... = Although ... anyway / still ...

Trying to translate each word separately into English usually makes the result sound unnatural. It is better to treat þó að as one fixed linking expression.