Þó að veðrið sé slæmt, förum við samt í göngutúr.

Þó að introduces a concessive clause: a clause that means although / even though.

So:

• Þó að veðrið sé slæmt = Although the weather is bad
• main clause: förum við samt í göngutúr = we still go for a walk

A very common shorter alternative is þótt, which means the same thing in this kind of sentence.

Because þó að often triggers the subjunctive mood in Icelandic.

• er = present indicative of að vera (is)
• sé = present subjunctive of að vera

After conjunctions like þó að / þótt, Icelandic often uses the subjunctive, especially in more careful or standard language.

So:

• Þó að veðrið er slæmt would sound wrong or at least nonstandard here
• Þó að veðrið sé slæmt is the expected form

Sé is the present subjunctive, 3rd person singular, of að vera (to be).

It matches veðrið because veðrið is singular and functions as the subject of the subordinate clause.

A rough breakdown:

• veðrið = the weather
• sé = be / is in the subjunctive
• slæmt = bad

So literally the clause is something like although the weather be bad, though of course you would not say that in modern English.

Because veðrið means the weather, while veður means weather.

The ending -ið is the definite article attached to the noun:

• veður = weather
• veðrið = the weather

Icelandic usually attaches the definite article to the end of the noun instead of using a separate word like English the.

Because the adjective has to agree with veðrið.

Veður is:

• neuter
• singular
• here it is in the nominative

So the adjective must also be neuter singular nominative, which gives slæmt.

Compare:

• slæmur for a masculine singular noun
• slæm for a feminine singular noun
• slæmt for a neuter singular noun

Since veðrið is neuter, slæmt is the correct form.

This is because Icelandic follows a verb-second pattern in main clauses.

When the sentence begins with the subordinate clause Þó að veðrið sé slæmt, that whole clause takes the first position. In the main clause, the finite verb then comes next:

• Þó að veðrið sé slæmt, förum við samt í göngutúr.

So the order is:

1. subordinate clause
2. finite verb: förum
3. subject: við

If the sentence started directly with the subject, you would get:

• Við förum samt í göngutúr.

But once something else comes first, the verb normally moves before the subject.

Samt means still, all the same, or nevertheless.

It reinforces the contrast:

• Although the weather is bad, we still go for a walk.

Without samt, the sentence is still grammatical:

• Þó að veðrið sé slæmt, förum við í göngutúr.

But samt makes the idea of despite that more explicit.

This is a very common Icelandic expression meaning to go for a walk:

• fara í göngutúr

The preposition í often means into, but in many fixed expressions it is simply part of the idiom. Here you should learn fara í göngutúr as a set phrase.

So:

• förum við í göngutúr = we go for a walk

It is accusative singular.

The noun is göngutúr (a walk, walking trip), and after fara í in the sense of go for / go on, Icelandic uses the accusative here.

So this is not just about physical movement into a place; it is also the standard case pattern of this expression.

A useful thing to memorize is:

• fara í göngutúr = go for a walk
• fara í ferð = go on a trip
• fara í sund = go swimming

Because Icelandic often leaves nouns indefinite in expressions where English also often does:

• í göngutúr = for a walk

You could think of it as into a walk/walking trip, though that is not how you would translate it naturally.

In many common activity expressions, Icelandic simply uses the noun without a definite article:

• fara í göngutúr
• fara í skóla
• fara í vinnu

So the lack of an article here is normal.

Yes. Þótt is very common and means the same as þó að here.

So both are fine:

• Þó að veðrið sé slæmt, förum við samt í göngutúr.
• Þótt veðrið sé slæmt, förum við samt í göngutúr.

For a learner, it is useful to recognize both. In many contexts, þótt feels a bit more compact because it is a single word, but the meaning is essentially the same.

Yes, a comma is normally used here because the sentence begins with a subordinate clause:

• Þó að veðrið sé slæmt, förum við samt í göngutúr.

The comma helps separate the although-clause from the main clause. This is standard Icelandic punctuation.

Not very naturally.

A rough word-for-word version would be something like:

• Though that the-weather be bad, go we still on a walk

That shows some of the grammar, but it is not good English.

A natural English translation would be:

• Although the weather is bad, we still go for a walk.
• or Even though the weather is bad, we still go for a walk.

This is a good reminder that Icelandic and English often express the same idea with different grammar, especially with subjunctive, word order, and fixed expressions like fara í göngutúr.