אני משאירה דוגמה אחת על השולחן, כי אני רוצה לבדוק שוב פרט חשוב.

Because the speaker is female. In Hebrew present tense, verbs agree with the subject in gender and number.

• אני משאירה = I am leaving (said by a woman)
• אני משאיר = I am leaving (said by a man)

So משאירה tells you the speaker is feminine singular.

It is the Hebrew present tense form. Like many Hebrew present-tense verbs, it can match several English translations depending on context:

• I leave
• I am leaving
• I’m leaving

In this sentence, I am leaving or I’m leaving sounds most natural in English, but the Hebrew form itself is just present tense.

Hebrew often repeats the subject pronoun when a new clause begins, especially after כי (because).

So:

• אני משאירה...
• כי אני רוצה...

This is very normal and natural.

Also, in the present tense, the verb form does not always clearly show person. For example, רוצה in normal unpointed writing can be read as masculine or feminine singular depending on context and pronunciation. Using אני makes the subject clear.

Because דוגמה is a feminine noun, and the number one must agree with the noun’s gender.

• masculine: אחד
• feminine: אחת

So:

• ספר אחד = one book
• דוגמה אחת = one example

In Hebrew, the number one usually comes after the noun.

So Hebrew says:

• דוגמה אחת = example one / one example

This is the normal order for one with a noun.
English puts one before the noun, but Hebrew usually puts אחד / אחת after it.

השולחן means the table. Hebrew adds ה־ to make a noun definite.

• שולחן = a table / table
• השולחן = the table

So על השולחן means on the table.

This is completely parallel to English here: English also normally says on the table, not just on table.

כי means because here. It introduces the reason for the first action.

Structure:

• אני משאירה דוגמה אחת על השולחן
• כי אני רוצה לבדוק שוב פרט חשוב

So the second clause explains why the speaker is leaving one example on the table.

After רוצה (want/wants), Hebrew normally uses an infinitive.

So:

• אני רוצה לבדוק = I want to check

not:

• אני רוצה בודקת ❌

This is similar to English:

• I want to check
• not I want checking

The infinitive here is לבדוק = to check.

The ל־ is the normal marker of the Hebrew infinitive, often equivalent to English to.

• לבדוק = to check
• לכתוב = to write
• ללמוד = to study

So in רוצה לבדוק, the ל־ is part of the infinitive form.

שוב means again, and in this sentence it modifies לבדוק.

• לבדוק שוב = to check again

That is a very natural word order in Hebrew.
Hebrew often places שוב after the verb or infinitive it relates to.

In Hebrew, adjectives usually come after the noun.

So:

• פרט חשוב = an important detail

not:

• חשוב פרט ❌

Also, the adjective must agree with the noun in gender and number.
Here:

• פרט is masculine singular
• חשוב is masculine singular

So they match correctly.

Because Hebrew adjectives agree with the nouns they describe.

Here are the matching forms:

• masculine singular: חשוב
• feminine singular: חשובה
• masculine plural: חשובים
• feminine plural: חשובות

Since פרט is masculine singular, the correct adjective form is חשוב.

Sometimes Hebrew can omit subject pronouns, but in this sentence keeping אני is the most natural and clear choice.

Reasons:

1. In the present tense, Hebrew verbs often do not clearly show person.
2. Repeating the subject after כי is very normal.
3. The sentence sounds clearer and more complete with both pronouns.

So while Hebrew sometimes drops pronouns in other situations, here אני ... כי אני ... is standard and natural.

Usually דוגמה means example. In some contexts it can feel close to sample, but example is the safest and most common meaning.

If you specifically mean a physical or scientific sample, Hebrew may often use a different word depending on context, such as דגימה.

So in this sentence, דוגמה is best understood as example.