Προς το παρόν δεν μπορώ να έρθω, αλλά θα έρθω μετά.

Yes. Προς το παρόν is a very common fixed expression meaning for now, for the time being, or at the moment.

Literally, it is something like toward the present, but learners should usually treat it as one chunk with the meaning for now.

It often suggests that the situation is temporary and may change later, which fits this sentence well.

Both can refer to the present, but they are not exactly the same.

τώρα means now and points more directly to the current moment.

προς το παρόν means for the time being and often implies:

• this is the situation currently
• but it may be different later

So in this sentence, προς το παρόν is especially natural because the speaker cannot come now, but says they will come later.

Because προς το παρόν is a set phrase, and παρόν here is being used like the present. The article το is part of the expression.

So it is best to learn προς το παρόν as a whole phrase, not as separate words you freely rebuild each time.

δεν is the standard negation used with verbs in statements. It normally comes directly before the verb, or before the whole verbal group.

So:

δεν μπορώ = I cannot / I can’t

That placement is very normal in Greek:

• δεν ξέρω = I don’t know
• δεν θέλω = I don’t want
• δεν μπορώ = I can’t

After verbs like μπορώ (I can), Greek normally uses να plus another verb.

So:

μπορώ να έρθω = I can come

You can think of να as introducing the action that is possible, wanted, needed, etc.

Very common patterns are:

• μπορώ να... = can...
• θέλω να... = want to...
• πρέπει να... = must / have to...

Because έρχομαι is the basic dictionary form, but after να Greek often uses a different form.

For the verb έρχομαι (I come), the form έρθω is the form commonly used for a single completed event, such as come once.

So:

• μπορώ να έρθω = I can come
• θα έρθω = I will come

This verb is a bit irregular, so it is worth learning these forms together:

• έρχομαι = I come / I am coming
• ήρθα = I came
• έρθω = come, in forms like να έρθω or θα έρθω

Because in Modern Greek, να and θα are both followed by this same dependent verb form.

So in this sentence:

• μπορώ να έρθω = I can come
• θα έρθω = I will come

The difference in meaning comes from να versus θα, not from changing έρθω into a different form here.

Very roughly:

• να often appears after verbs like can, want, must
• θα marks the future

Greek often leaves out subject pronouns because the verb ending already shows the person.

Here:

• μπορώ already means I can
• θα έρθω already means I will come

So adding εγώ is usually unnecessary unless you want emphasis or contrast.

For example:

• Εγώ δεν μπορώ να έρθω would sound more like I can’t come, perhaps contrasting with someone else who can.

αλλά means but.

It introduces a contrast:

• I can’t come for now
• but I will come later

The comma is standard and natural here, just as in English before but in many sentences.

Here μετά means later or afterwards.

When μετά stands alone like this, it works as an adverb:

• θα έρθω μετά = I’ll come later

But when μετά is followed by a noun, it usually means after and often appears as:

• μετά το μάθημα = after the lesson
• μετά από μία ώρα = after one hour

So in this sentence, there is no noun after it, so μετά simply means later.

Yes, it is natural and common.

You could also hear:

• θα έρθω αργότερα = I’ll come later

The difference is small here:

• μετά is very common in everyday speech
• αργότερα is also common and a little more explicitly means later

In this sentence, μετά sounds completely normal.

A simple pronunciation guide is:

Pros to pa-RON den bo-RO na ER-tho, a-LA tha ER-tho me-TA

A few notes:

• ρ is a rolled or tapped r
• θ sounds like the th in think
• stress matters a lot in Greek, so notice the stressed syllables:
  • παρόν
  • μπορώ
  • έρθω
  • αλλά
  • μετά

Greek word order is more flexible than English, but this version is very natural and neutral.

Προς το παρόν comes first because it sets the time frame right away: for now.

You could move things around for emphasis, but the original sentence is a very good standard pattern:

• time expression
• negated verb phrase
• contrast with αλλά
• future statement

So as a learner, this is an excellent model to copy.