Η μαμά μου στύβει τα πορτοκάλια το πρωί και μετά πίνει τον χυμό όσο είναι ακόμα κρύος.

In Greek, the unstressed possessive words like μου (my), σου (your), and του/της (his/her) usually come after the noun.

So:

• η μαμά μου = my mom
• literally: the mom my

This is the normal Greek pattern. Greek often uses the definite article with family words and body parts, where English would not.

You can compare:

• η αδερφή μου = my sister
• το σπίτι μου = my house

So η μαμά μου is completely natural Greek.

στύβει is the 3rd person singular present tense of στύβω, meaning to squeeze or to juice.

So:

• στύβω = I squeeze
• στύβεις = you squeeze
• στύβει = he/she/it squeezes

Because the subject is η μαμά μου (my mom), Greek uses στύβει = she squeezes.

In this sentence, the present tense can describe a habit or a regular action, like English squeezes or sometimes is squeezing, depending on context.

τα πορτοκάλια means the oranges.

Here is why it looks like that:

• πορτοκάλι = orange
• πορτοκάλια = oranges
• τα = the for neuter plural

So:

• το πορτοκάλι = the orange
• τα πορτοκάλια = the oranges

It is also in the accusative plural here because it is the direct object of στύβει. For neuter plural nouns like this, the nominative and accusative forms are often the same, so you just see τα πορτοκάλια.

Greek often uses the definite article in time expressions where English may not.

So:

• το πρωί = in the morning / in the morning time

This is a very common expression. Similar examples:

• το βράδυ = in the evening / at night
• το μεσημέρι = at noon / at lunchtime
• το απόγευμα = in the afternoon

So even though English often says just in the morning, Greek naturally says το πρωί.

και μετά means and then or and afterwards.

• και = and
• μετά = after, then, afterwards

In this sentence it connects the two actions in sequence:

1. she squeezes the oranges
2. then she drinks the juice

So και μετά helps show the order of events.

Yes. πίνει is the 3rd person singular present tense of πίνω (to drink).

So:

• πίνω = I drink
• πίνεις = you drink
• πίνει = he/she/it drinks

Since the subject is still η μαμά μου, Greek does not need to repeat she. The verb ending already shows the person.

So Greek can say:

• Η μαμά μου ... και μετά πίνει...

without needing a separate word for she.

Because χυμός is a masculine noun.

Its basic form is:

• ο χυμός = the juice

As the direct object of πίνει, it goes into the accusative singular:

• τον χυμό = the juice

So the change is:

• nominative: ο χυμός
• accusative: τον χυμό

This is very common with masculine nouns in Greek.

Greek uses cases, and nouns/articles change depending on their role in the sentence.

In this sentence, both τα πορτοκάλια and τον χυμό are direct objects, so both are in the accusative. But different noun types show case differently.

1. Neuter plural

• το πορτοκάλι / τα πορτοκάλια
• For many neuter nouns, nominative and accusative look the same.

So τα πορτοκάλια does not visibly change.

2. Masculine singular

• ο χυμός → τον χυμό

Masculine nouns often show a clearer change in the article and sometimes in the ending too.

So the grammar is the same idea, but the visible form differs depending on gender and number.

Here όσο means something like while, as long as, or for as long as.

In this sentence:

• όσο είναι ακόμα κρύος

means:

• while it is still cold
• or as long as it is still cold

So she drinks the juice during the time when it is still cold.

This is a very useful Greek structure:

• όσο + verb

Examples:

• Μείνε όσο θέλεις. = Stay as long as you want.
• Διάβαζε όσο κοιμόμουν. = He/She was reading while I was sleeping.

In your sentence, όσο introduces a time condition.

Yes. είναι is the present tense form of είμαι (to be) used for he/she/it is and also they are.

Here it refers to ο χυμός (the juice), so:

• είναι = it is

Greek often leaves out the subject pronoun, so instead of saying it is, it just says είναι, and the subject is understood from the context.

So:

• όσο είναι ακόμα κρύος = while it is still cold

Because κρύος describes ο χυμός, which is masculine singular.

• ο χυμός = masculine singular
• so the adjective must agree with it:
  • κρύος = cold, masculine singular

Greek adjectives agree with the noun they describe in:

• gender
• number
• case

Here the adjective comes after είναι, so it is a predicate adjective, but it still agrees with ο χυμός.

Compare:

• ο χυμός είναι κρύος = the juice is cold
• το νερό είναι κρύο = the water is cold
• η σούπα είναι κρύα = the soup is cold

So κρύος is used because χυμός is masculine.

ακόμα means still here.

So:

• κρύος = cold
• ακόμα κρύος = still cold

It adds the idea that the juice has not stopped being cold yet.

Compare:

• Ο χυμός είναι κρύος. = The juice is cold.
• Ο χυμός είναι ακόμα κρύος. = The juice is still cold.

That matches the meaning of drinking it before it warms up.

Greek often drops subject pronouns because the verb ending already tells you the person and number.

So:

• πίνει already means he/she/it drinks

Since the subject η μαμά μου has already been mentioned, Greek does not need to repeat αυτή (she).

Using αυτή would usually add emphasis, something like:

• she drinks it
• she herself drinks it

But in a normal sentence, it is more natural to leave it out.

Most naturally, it sounds like a habit or a usual routine:

• My mom squeezes oranges in the morning and then drinks the juice while it is still cold.

Greek present tense often covers both:

• general/habitual present
• current present

So depending on context, στύβει and πίνει could mean:

• squeezes / drinks as a routine
• or is squeezing / is drinking right now

But with το πρωί and the overall structure, a habitual reading is very natural.

Yes. Greek word order is more flexible than English word order, because the endings and articles help show each word’s role.

The given sentence is natural and straightforward:

• Η μαμά μου στύβει τα πορτοκάλια το πρωί και μετά πίνει τον χυμό όσο είναι ακόμα κρύος.

But Greek could move some parts for emphasis, for example:

• Το πρωί η μαμά μου στύβει τα πορτοκάλια...
• Μετά πίνει τον χυμό...

The meaning stays basically the same, but the emphasis changes slightly.

So the original word order is not the only possible one, but it is a very normal one.

Greek uses the definite article a lot more often than English does.

In this one sentence, articles appear with:

• η μαμά μου = my mom
• τα πορτοκάλια = the oranges
• το πρωί = in the morning
• τον χυμό = the juice

This is normal Greek. English often leaves out the where Greek keeps it, especially in expressions with:

• family members
• time phrases
• general known things in context

So a learner should get used to articles being very frequent in Greek.

There are two main clues:

1. Meaning

The sentence says she drinks the juice while it is still cold. Logically, cold describes the juice.

2. Grammar

κρύος is masculine singular, which matches:

• ο χυμός = masculine singular

But η μαμά is feminine, so if cold described mom, it would need to be:

• κρύα

So the form κρύος clearly points to ο χυμός.

Yes, absolutely. στύβω is the standard verb for squeezing fruit to get juice out.

So:

• στύβω πορτοκάλια = I squeeze oranges
• στύβει τα πορτοκάλια = she squeezes the oranges

Greek can also talk about juice-making in other ways depending on context, but στύβω πορτοκάλια is a very natural everyday expression.