Es regnet, aber wir gehen doch in den Park.

In Es regnet, es does not refer to a specific thing. It is a dummy subject.

German, like English, usually needs a subject in a full sentence, so weather expressions often use es:

• Es regnet. = It is raining.
• Es schneit. = It is snowing.
• Es ist kalt. = It is cold.

So es here is grammatical, not meaningful in the sense of pointing to an object.

Because the verb has to agree with the subject es, which is third person singular.

The infinitive is regnen = to rain.

In the present tense:

• ich regne
• du regnest
• es regnet
• wir regnen
• ihr regnet
• sie/Sie regnen

So Es regnet uses the correct third-person singular form: regnet.

Because aber is a coordinating conjunction joining two main clauses.

The sentence has two complete parts:

• Es regnet
• aber wir gehen doch in den Park

In German, when two independent clauses are connected by aber, a comma is normally used.

This is very similar to English:

• It’s raining, but we’re still going to the park.

Because aber does not change the normal main-clause word order.

German main clauses usually follow the verb-second rule. In the second clause:

• wir = first element
• gehen = verb in second position

So:

• aber wir gehen doch in den Park

This is correct.

Important comparison:

• aber = coordinating conjunction, so the clause keeps normal main-clause order
• weil = subordinating conjunction, so the verb goes to the end

Compare:

• Es regnet, aber wir gehen doch in den Park.
• Es regnet, weil wir in den Park gehen.

So aber does not force inversion or verb-final order.

Here doch is a modal particle, and that makes it tricky because it does not translate neatly with one single English word.

In this sentence, doch adds the idea of:

• nevertheless
• all the same
• still
• after all / contrary to what you might expect

So the feeling is:

• It’s raining, but we’re going to the park anyway.
• It’s raining, but we’re still going to the park.

Without doch, the sentence is still grammatical:

• Es regnet, aber wir gehen in den Park.

But with doch, it sounds more like the speaker is pushing back against an expectation that the rain should stop them.

Not always. Doch is one of those German words whose meaning depends heavily on context.

In this sentence, the best English translations are usually:

• still
• anyway
• all the same
• nevertheless

A direct one-word translation often sounds unnatural.

So instead of trying to memorize one fixed English equivalent, it is better to learn the effect of doch:

• it often signals contrast
• it can express surprise
• it can suggest correction of an assumption

Here, the assumption is: It’s raining, so maybe we won’t go. But doch signals: No, we are going anyway.

Because in den Park expresses movement into the park, while im Park expresses location inside the park.

German uses different cases with some prepositions depending on whether you mean:

• direction / movement toward a destination → accusative
• location / position → dative

So:

• Wir gehen in den Park. = We are going into/to the park.
• Wir sind im Park. = We are in the park.

Here the verb gehen shows movement, so in takes the accusative: den Park.

Because Park is masculine: der Park.

After in with movement, German uses the accusative case. The masculine accusative article changes from der to den.

So:

• nominative: der Park
• accusative: den Park

That is why the sentence says:

• in den Park

You can think of it like this:

• dictionary form: der Park
• after a two-way preposition with motion: in den Park

Yes. That is possible, but the nuance is a little different.

• doch is a modal particle and sounds more subtle, conversational, and natural in many spoken contexts.
• trotzdem more clearly means nevertheless / despite that.

Compare:

• Es regnet, aber wir gehen doch in den Park.
• Es regnet, aber wir gehen trotzdem in den Park.

Both are correct. The version with trotzdem is more explicit. The version with doch is often a bit softer and more idiomatic in everyday German.

Here gehen is best understood as go.

Although gehen can sometimes imply going on foot, in many everyday sentences it simply means to go.

So:

• Wir gehen in den Park usually means We’re going to the park

It does not necessarily emphasize the method of travel unless the context makes that important.

If German specifically wants to highlight travel by vehicle, it may use fahren instead:

• Wir fahren in den Park. = We’re going to the park / driving to the park.

But in your sentence, gehen is perfectly natural.

It can do both, depending on context.

German often uses the present tense to talk about the near future, just as English does.

So wir gehen in den Park can mean:

• we are going to the park
• we’re going to the park
• we will go to the park

In this sentence, the meaning is very likely future-oriented or immediate-plan oriented:

• It’s raining, but we’re still going to the park.

So this is a normal use of the German present tense for a planned action.

Sometimes yes, but its position affects what sounds natural.

In this sentence, wir gehen doch in den Park is a very natural placement. Modal particles like doch often appear in the middle field, usually somewhere after the verb and subject area.

For example:

• Es regnet, aber wir gehen doch in den Park. — natural
• Es regnet, aber doch gehen wir in den Park. — possible in special emphasis, but less neutral
• Es regnet, aber wir gehen in den Park doch. — usually unnatural in standard usage

So the given placement is the normal one for everyday German.