Mir ist heute kalt, deshalb ziehe ich einen dicken Pullover an.

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Questions & Answers about Mir ist heute kalt, deshalb ziehe ich einen dicken Pullover an.

Why is it “Mir ist kalt” and not “Ich bin kalt”?

In German, feeling cold is usually expressed with an impersonal construction:

  • Mir ist kalt. = Literally: To me is cold. = I am (feeling) cold.

Here, “mir” is in the dative case and marks the experiencer of the feeling.

“Ich bin kalt” is grammatically possible but means something like:

  • I am a cold (emotionally distant) person.
  • or in some contexts, sounds odd / wrong for physical temperature.

So, to say you feel cold, use “Mir ist kalt.”, not “Ich bin kalt.”

What case is “mir” and why is it used here?

“Mir” is the dative form of “ich”.

  • ich (I) → mir (to me, for me)

In sentences about physical states or sensations, German often uses the dative to show who is affected:

  • Mir ist kalt. – I am cold.
  • Mir ist schlecht. – I feel sick.
  • Mir ist langweilig. – I am bored.

So “mir” shows who experiences the feeling of cold.

Where is the subject in “Mir ist heute kalt”?

This is essentially an impersonal sentence. The “real” logical subject is just the state “kalt” (cold), or you can think of an unspoken “es”:

  • (Es) ist mir heute kalt. – (It) is cold to me today.

In everyday speech, “es” is usually dropped:

  • Mir ist heute kalt. (most common)
  • Es ist mir heute kalt. (possible, a bit more formal/emphatic)

So you can analyse it as:

  • Subject (implicit): es
  • Verb: ist
  • Dative object / experiencer: mir
  • Predicate adjective: kalt
Could I say “Heute ist mir kalt” instead of “Mir ist heute kalt”?

Yes. Both are correct:

  • Mir ist heute kalt.
  • Heute ist mir kalt.

The meaning is the same. The difference is in emphasis:

  • Heute ist mir kalt. → Emphasises today (Today, I feel cold – maybe unlike other days).
  • Mir ist heute kalt. → More neutral; just states that I am cold today.

German main clauses keep the verb in second position:

  • Heute ist mir kalt.
  • Mir ist heute kalt.

Both respect the verb-second rule.

What does “deshalb” do to the word order in the second clause?

“Deshalb” is a conjunctive adverb meaning “therefore / for that reason”.

In German main clauses, conjunctive adverbs count as being in the first position of the clause, so the finite verb must still be second:

  • Deshalb ziehe ich einen dicken Pullover an.
    (1st: deshalb, 2nd: ziehe)

Wrong would be:

  • Deshalb ich ziehe einen dicken Pullover an.

So the pattern is:
Deshalb + [verb] + [subject] + …

Why is there a comma before “deshalb”?

Because the sentence contains two main clauses:

  1. Mir ist heute kalt,
  2. deshalb ziehe ich einen dicken Pullover an.

In German, independent main clauses joined in one sentence are separated by a comma, especially when linked by words like “deshalb, dann, trotzdem, außerdem,” etc.

So the comma marks the boundary between the two clauses.

Why is it “ziehe … an” with “an” at the end?

“Anziehen” (to put on [clothes]) is a separable verb.

In a main clause, separable verbs split:

  • Infinitive: anziehen
  • Main clause: ich ziehe … an

Word order in the sentence:

  • deshalb – position 1
  • ziehe – finite verb, position 2
  • ich – subject
  • einen dicken Pullover – object
  • an – separable prefix at the end

So we get: deshalb ziehe ich einen dicken Pullover an.

Why do we say “einen dicken Pullover” and not “ein dicker Pullover”?

“Pullover” here is the direct object of the verb “anziehen” (to put on what? → a sweater). Direct objects take the accusative case.

  • Masculine noun in accusative with “ein”“einen”

So:

  • Nominative: ein dicker Pullover (A thick sweater [is on the table].)
  • Accusative: einen dicken Pullover (I put on a thick sweater.)

Because it’s the object of “ziehe … an”, we must use the accusative: “einen dicken Pullover.”

Why does the adjective have -en in “dicken”?

This is adjective declension.

We have:

  • Article: einen (masculine, singular, accusative)
  • Noun: Pullover
  • Adjective: dick-

In this pattern (masculine, singular, accusative after “ein/einen”), the adjective gets -en:

  • einen dicken Pullover

Other forms for comparison:

  • Nominative: ein dicker Pullover
  • Accusative: einen dicken Pullover
  • Dative: einem dicken Pullover

So -en is required here by the case (accusative), gender (masc.), and article type (ein- word).

Can I change the word order to “Ich ziehe deshalb einen dicken Pullover an”?

Yes, that’s also correct:

  • Ich ziehe deshalb einen dicken Pullover an.

Here, the first clause is still:

  • Mir ist heute kalt,

Second clause options:

  • deshalb ziehe ich einen dicken Pullover an.
  • ich ziehe deshalb einen dicken Pullover an.

Both are grammatically fine. The difference is focus:

  • Deshalb ziehe ich … → Emphasises the consequence/reason (“Therefore, I put on…”).
  • Ich ziehe deshalb … → Slightly more neutral, focusing on what I do and mentioning the reason in the middle.

In both cases, the verb in the clause stays in second position.

Could I use “weil” instead of “deshalb”? How would the sentence change?

Yes. You can express the same idea with “weil” (because), but the word order changes because “weil” introduces a subordinate clause (verb at the end):

Option 1 – start with the reason:

  • Weil mir heute kalt ist, ziehe ich einen dicken Pullover an.
    (In the weil clause, the verb ist goes to the end.)

Option 2 – start with the consequence:

  • Ich ziehe einen dicken Pullover an, weil mir heute kalt ist.

Compare:

  • Mir ist heute kalt, deshalb ziehe ich einen dicken Pullover an.
    (Two main clauses, both verb-second.)

vs.

  • Weil mir heute kalt ist, ziehe ich einen dicken Pullover an.
    (One subordinate clause with verb-final, plus a main clause with verb-second.)
What’s the difference between “Mir ist kalt” and “Ich friere”?

Both can mean “I am cold”, but there is a nuance:

  • Mir ist kalt. – Neutral, very common way to say I feel cold.
  • Ich friere. – Literally I am freezing / I am shivering.
    Often suggests you are really cold or are physically reacting (shivering).

In many situations they’re interchangeable, but “Mir ist kalt” is the more general expression for “I’m cold.”

Can “deshalb” be replaced by other words like “darum” or “deswegen”?

Yes, you can use several similar conjunctive adverbs, with almost the same meaning:

  • Mir ist heute kalt, deshalb ziehe ich einen dicken Pullover an.
  • Mir ist heute kalt, darum ziehe ich einen dicken Pullover an.
  • Mir ist heute kalt, deswegen ziehe ich einen dicken Pullover an.
  • Mir ist heute kalt, daher ziehe ich einen dicken Pullover an.

All mean roughly: “I am cold today, therefore I’m putting on a thick sweater.”

They all behave the same regarding word order: they take the first position of the second clause, and the verb comes second.