Breakdown of Nach der Arbeit brauche ich Ruhe, damit ich mich entspannen kann.
Questions & Answers about Nach der Arbeit brauche ich Ruhe, damit ich mich entspannen kann.
Because the preposition nach always takes the dative case when it means after (in time).
- Arbeit is a feminine noun.
- Feminine article:
- Nominative: die Arbeit
- Dative: der Arbeit
Since nach needs dative, you must say nach der Arbeit, not nach die Arbeit.
Nach der Arbeit is a time expression (a temporal prepositional phrase). It tells you when you need rest: after work.
Grammatically, it is:
- a prepositional phrase with nach
- dative (der Arbeit)
- functioning as an adverbial of time in the main clause.
Because it’s moved to the beginning of the sentence, it also triggers the verb–subject inversion (brauche ich). See next question.
German main clauses follow the verb-second rule (V2):
- The conjugated verb must be in second position in the sentence.
- Only one chunk (word or phrase) can come before that verb.
In this sentence:
- Nach der Arbeit = first position (one chunk)
- brauche = second position (the finite verb)
- ich Ruhe = everything else follows
So the correct order is:
- Nach der Arbeit brauche ich Ruhe.
Nach der Arbeit ich brauche Ruhe is wrong because the verb is no longer in second position.
Ruhe is a flexible noun; in this context it means something like:
- peace and quiet
- calm / rest / downtime
It can include several ideas at once: not working, not being disturbed, a calm atmosphere.
Rough comparisons:
- Ruhe – general calm, peace and quiet
- Ich brauche Ruhe. = I need peace and quiet / I need to rest.
- Pause – a break (often short, during work or school)
- Erholung – recovery, recuperation, often over a longer time
- Stille – silence (no noise)
So here Ruhe is the natural choice for “I need some peace and quiet / time to unwind.”
Because damit introduces a subordinate clause (a dependent clause).
In standard German:
- A comma is required between a main clause and a subordinate clause.
So:
- Main clause: Nach der Arbeit brauche ich Ruhe
- Subordinate clause: damit ich mich entspannen kann
They must be separated by a comma:
- Nach der Arbeit brauche ich Ruhe, damit ich mich entspannen kann.
Here damit means so that / in order that and it introduces a purpose clause.
The structure:
- damit
- clause with its own subject and verb:
- damit ich mich entspannen kann = so that I can relax
- clause with its own subject and verb:
Function: It tells you why you need rest, what the rest is for:
- Nach der Arbeit brauche ich Ruhe, damit ich mich entspannen kann.
= After work I need peace and quiet so that I can relax.
No, you cannot omit ich in German.
Each finite clause in German needs its own subject, even if it is the same as in the previous clause. So:
- Main clause: (Ich) brauche ich Ruhe – subject: ich
- Subordinate clause: damit ich mich entspannen kann – subject: ich
German does not allow dropping the subject pronoun like Spanish or Italian. You must say:
- …, damit ich mich entspannen kann.
You can’t say:
- ✗ …, damit mich entspannen kann. (wrong)
Because in a subordinate clause introduced by damit:
- The conjugated verb goes to the end of the clause.
- Other verbs (infinitives, participles) stand before that conjugated verb.
- The reflexive pronoun mich goes early in the clause, typically right after the subject.
So:
- damit – subordinating conjunction
- ich – subject
- mich – reflexive pronoun
- entspannen – infinitive of the main verb
- kann – conjugated modal verb, at the very end
Correct order:
- damit ich mich entspannen kann
Wrong order (typical English pattern):
- ✗ damit ich kann mich entspannen (verb not at the end)
In the meaning to relax, entspannen is usually used reflexively: sich entspannen = to relax (oneself).
- Ich entspanne mich. = I relax.
- Ich kann mich entspannen. = I can relax.
Without mich, entspannen means to relax something/someone (transitive):
- Die Massage entspannt mich. = The massage relaxes me.
- Die Musik entspannt ihn. = The music relaxes him.
So in ich mich entspannen kann, mich is required, because the meaning is I can relax (myself). Without mich, the sentence would be ungrammatical or at least feel incomplete in this sense.
Because modal verbs like können, müssen, wollen, sollen, dürfen, mögen normally take a bare infinitive without zu.
Pattern:
- ich kann gehen (not: ✗ ich kann zu gehen)
- ich will schlafen (not: ✗ ich will zu schlafen)
So here:
- ich kann mich entspannen (no zu)
You only use zu with other infinitive constructions, e.g.:
- um mich zu entspannen = in order to relax
- versuchen, mich zu entspannen = to try to relax
Yes, that sentence is also correct:
- Nach der Arbeit brauche ich Ruhe, um mich zu entspannen.
Difference:
um … zu
- infinitive:
- used when the subject is the same in both parts of the sentence
a bit more compact and often stylistically preferred:
Ich brauche Ruhe, um mich zu entspannen.
damit
- full clause:
typically used when the subject can be different, e.g.:
Ich brauche Ruhe, damit du dich entspannen kannst.
= I need quiet so that you can relax.
In your original sentence the subject is the same (ich), so both are possible. Many speakers would slightly prefer um mich zu entspannen, but damit ich mich entspannen kann is also fine and very common.