Mon frère collectionne les vinyles.

Because frère is a masculine noun in French.
French possessive adjectives agree with the gender and number of the thing possessed, not with the person who possesses it.

So:

• mon frère = my brother
• ma sœur = my sister
• mes frères = my brothers

Even if the speaker is female, they still say mon frère, because frère is masculine.

The accent in frère is a grave accent: è.

It mainly affects pronunciation. It tells you that the vowel is pronounced more like eh than the sound in plain e.

So frère sounds roughly like frehr.

It is also part of the correct spelling, so you should write it: frère, not frere.

Collectionner is the infinitive form, meaning to collect.

In the sentence, the verb has to match the subject mon frère (my brother), so it is conjugated in the present tense:

• je collectionne = I collect
• tu collectionnes = you collect
• il/elle collectionne = he/she collects

Since mon frère = he, French uses collectionne.

Mostly yes, but not every written letter is strongly pronounced the way an English speaker might expect.

A rough pronunciation is:

• collectionne ≈ kuh-lek-syon

The final -e is not pronounced like an English ee.
Also, the -nn- helps show the vowel sound before it.

You do not pronounce it like English collect-ion-ne word by word.

French usually needs an article before nouns much more often than English does.

So French says:

• collectionner les vinyles
• literally: to collect the vinyl records / records

Even when English uses no article, French often uses le, la, l’, or les.

That is very normal in French. You should not try to translate article use directly from English.

Because French generally does not leave countable nouns bare in this kind of sentence.

A plural noun like vinyles normally needs something before it, such as:

• les vinyles = the records / records in a general sense
• des vinyles = some records

With verbs like aimer, adorer, détester, and often when talking about general categories, French commonly uses the definite article:

• J’aime les chats. = I like cats.
• Il collectionne les vinyles. = He collects records.

Here, vinyles refers to vinyl records.

Even though vinyle can literally relate to vinyl as a material, in everyday French un vinyle commonly means a vinyl record.

So:

• un vinyle = a vinyl record
• des vinyles = vinyl records

In this sentence, it does not mean that the brother collects random vinyl material.

The -s marks the noun as plural.

• le vinyle = the vinyl record
• les vinyles = the vinyl records

The article changes too:

• le for singular masculine
• les for plural

In pronunciation, the final -s in vinyles is usually silent, so the plural is shown mostly in writing and by the article les.

A rough pronunciation is:

Mon frère collectionne les vinyles.
≈ Mon frehr kuh-lek-syon lay vee-neel

A few helpful notes:

• mon sounds roughly like mohn, but with a nasal vowel
• frère ≈ frehr
• les = lay
• vinyles is often pronounced roughly like vee-neel

This is only an approximation for English speakers, but it is a useful starting point.

Usually, yes.
Because les ends in a normally silent -s and vinyles begins with a vowel sound, French often makes a liaison:

• les vinyles → roughly lay-zvee-neel

That z sound links the two words.

So in careful or normal connected speech, you will often hear:

• les-z-vinyles

The word order is very standard French:

• Mon frère = subject
• collectionne = verb
• les vinyles = direct object

So it follows the basic pattern:

Subject + Verb + Object

Just like English:

• My brother collects vinyl records.

This is one reason the sentence is quite beginner-friendly.

You might see collecter in some contexts, but for the meaning to collect as a hobby, collectionner is the normal and best choice here.

So:

• Mon frère collectionne les vinyles. = natural
• Mon frère collecte les vinyles. = sounds off for this meaning

Collecter is more often used for things like gathering or collecting items in an organized way, such as money, data, or waste.

It is usually understood in a general sense: he collects vinyl records as a category.

French often uses the definite article for general statements where English may use no article at all.

Compare:

• Il aime les chiens. = He likes dogs.
• Elle collectionne les timbres. = She collects stamps.
• Mon frère collectionne les vinyles. = My brother collects vinyl records.

So les does not necessarily mean a specific set of records here.

Yes, but the meaning changes a little.

• Mon frère collectionne les vinyles = my brother collects vinyl records / records in general
• Mon frère collectionne des vinyles = my brother collects some vinyl records

The version with les sounds more natural when describing a hobby or general activity.
The version with des can sound more indefinite or context-dependent.

So for a basic statement about someone’s hobby, les vinyles is usually the better choice.

Yes, basically. Mon means my before a singular masculine noun.

The main difference from English is that French has different forms depending on the gender and number of the noun:

• mon = my + singular masculine
• ma = my + singular feminine
• mes = my + plural

So mon frère is directly equivalent to my brother.