La professeure va interroger les élèves sur le questionnaire, alors personne ne veut tricher.

Both forms exist.

• le professeur is the traditional form and is often used for both men and women in some varieties of French.
• la professeure is a clearly feminine form and is now very common, especially in modern standard usage and in places like Canada.

So la professeure tells you the teacher is female.

Va interroger is the near future in French:

• va = present tense of aller
• interroger = infinitive

So la professeure va interroger means the teacher is going to question / quiz / ask questions to.

It suggests something that will happen soon.

French often uses the near future (aller + infinitive) for actions that are expected or planned in the near future.

• va interroger = is going to question
• interrogera = will question

Both are possible, but va interroger often sounds more immediate and conversational.

They are close, but not always identical.

• interroger can mean to question, to test orally, or to call on someone in class
• questionner usually means to ask questions in a more general sense

In a school context, interroger les élèves often means the teacher is going to quiz the students or ask them questions to check what they know.

Les élèves means the students—a specific group, probably the students in that class.

• les élèves = the students
• des élèves = some students

Here, the sentence refers to a known group, so les is the natural choice.

Here sur means about / on.

So interroger les élèves sur le questionnaire means the teacher will question the students about the questionnaire or on the questionnaire.

French often uses sur where English might use about.

Le questionnaire refers to a specific questionnaire that both speaker and listener already know about.

• le questionnaire = the questionnaire
• un questionnaire = a questionnaire

So this suggests there is one particular questionnaire already mentioned or understood from context.

Here alors means something like:

• so
• therefore
• as a result

It connects the two ideas:

• the teacher is going to question the students
• so nobody wants to cheat

In other contexts, alors can also mean then.

In standard French, negation usually uses two parts.

With personne, you often get:

• personne ne... = nobody...

So:

• personne ne veut tricher = nobody wants to cheat

Even though personne already carries the idea of no one, standard written French still keeps ne before the verb.

In casual spoken French, people sometimes drop ne, but it is still important in correct written French.

Because personne itself is the negative word here.

Compare:

• Il ne veut pas tricher. = He does not want to cheat.
• Personne ne veut tricher. = Nobody wants to cheat.

When personne is the negative subject, you use ne, but not pas.

Because personne is grammatically singular.

Even though it refers to no people, French treats it as singular in this structure:

• personne ne veut = nobody wants

So the verb is singular: veut, not veulent.

Because after vouloir (to want), French normally uses an infinitive.

• veut tricher = wants to cheat
• veulent partir = want to leave
• je veux manger = I want to eat

So tricher stays in the infinitive.

Often yes, especially in a school context.

Tricher means to cheat, and it can be used for:

• cheating on a test
• copying someone’s answers
• being dishonest in a game

In this sentence, because it mentions a teacher and students, it most naturally means to cheat academically.

The comma helps separate the cause and result:

• La professeure va interroger les élèves sur le questionnaire
• alors personne ne veut tricher

It works much like English punctuation in a sentence such as: The teacher is going to quiz the students on the questionnaire, so nobody wants to cheat.

The comma is natural here because alors introduces the consequence.

Yes, but only in certain contexts, especially questions or after another negative idea.

For example:

• Tu vois personne ? in informal speech can mean You don’t see anybody?
• In standard grammar, context determines whether personne means anyone or no one

But in personne ne veut tricher, it clearly means nobody.

It is grammatically correct and understandable.

A native speaker might also say things like:

• La professeure va interroger les élèves sur le questionnaire, donc personne ne veut tricher.
• Comme la professeure va interroger les élèves sur le questionnaire, personne ne veut tricher.

But the original sentence is perfectly acceptable. Alors is a natural connector for so / therefore.