Est is the third-person singular form of être, which means to be.
So:
It is used because the sentence is describing a quality of Paul: he is generous.
French often uses généreux avec quelqu’un to mean generous with someone.
So:
Other prepositions can exist in French, but avec is the most straightforward and common choice in a sentence like this.
Yes. Ses can mean his, her, or even its, depending on who the owner is.
French possessive adjectives agree with the thing possessed, not with the owner.
Since amis is plural, French uses:
So:
In this sentence, because the subject is Paul, we understand it as his friends.
A rough pronunciation is:
More approximately in IPA: /ʒe.ne.ʁø/
A few points:
If you are a beginner, the most important thing is to avoid pronouncing the final x. It is silent.
Because généreux is not directly modifying a noun here. It is part of the structure:
So:
This is different from a phrase like:
In both English and French, adjectives used after to be / être come after the verb.
Yes. Even though the literal words are with his friends, the meaning in English is often closer to:
French avec in this kind of sentence often describes Paul’s behavior in relation to them, not just physical company.
So the exact English wording may vary, but the core meaning stays the same.
Yes. The adjective would need to agree in gender.
If the person were female, you would say:
The change is:
Everything else can stay the same if amis refers to male or mixed-gender friends. If the friends were all female, you could also say: