Paul qui conduit la voiture rouge est mon ami.

Paul who drives the red car is my friend.

Breakdown of Paul qui conduit la voiture rouge est mon ami.

• être: to be
• Paul: Paul
• mon: my
• l'ami: the friend
• rouge: red
• la voiture: the car
• conduire: to drive
• qui: who

Questions & Answers about Paul qui conduit la voiture rouge est mon ami.

What does the relative pronoun qui represent in this sentence?

In the sentence, qui serves as a relative pronoun referring back to Paul. It introduces the subordinate clause qui conduit la voiture rouge and acts as the subject of that clause, indicating that it is Paul who is doing the driving.

Why is the adjective rouge placed after the noun voiture when in English we say “red car”?

In French, most adjectives—including color adjectives like rouge—typically follow the noun they modify. Thus, la voiture rouge is the standard word order. This is a key difference from English, where adjectives generally precede the noun.

Why aren’t commas used to set off the clause qui conduit la voiture rouge?

Commas are omitted because the clause is restrictive. It provides essential information that uniquely identifies which Paul is being talked about. If commas were added, it would signal a nonrestrictive clause, suggesting the information is merely additional rather than essential.

What is the significance of the verb form conduit in this sentence?

Conduit is the third person singular present tense form of the verb conduire (to drive). It agrees with the subject Paul, confirming that the action of driving is performed by him. This conjugation is necessary to maintain subject-verb agreement in French.

How would the meaning change if commas were added around qui conduit la voiture rouge, like this: Paul, qui conduit la voiture rouge, est mon ami?

Adding commas would make the relative clause nonrestrictive, implying that the detail of driving the red car is extra information about Paul. Without commas, the clause is restrictive—defining which Paul is meant. With commas, the sentence suggests that Paul is already known, and the red car detail is just an additional fact.

What does voiture mean, and how is its gender indicated here?

Voiture means “car” and is a feminine noun in French. This is shown by the definite article la before it, as in la voiture rouge. When adjectives modify a feminine noun, they must agree in gender (and number), though in this case rouge remains the same in both masculine and feminine forms.