Breakdown of Hendes barnebarn kommer også i morgen, hvis mødet ikke bliver aflyst.
Questions & Answers about Hendes barnebarn kommer også i morgen, hvis mødet ikke bliver aflyst.
What does hendes mean here, and why is it not sin/sit/sine?
Hendes means her.
Danish has two kinds of possessives in situations like this:
- hans / hendes / deres = someone else’s
- sin / sit / sine = the subject’s own
In this sentence, the subject is barnebarnet understood through barnebarn as the person who kommer. So hendes barnebarn means her grandchild — the grandchild belongs to some woman already mentioned.
If you used sit here, it would have to refer back to the subject of the clause, and that would not make sense in the same way.
So:
- Hendes barnebarn kommer ... = Her grandchild is coming ...
What exactly does barnebarn mean?
Barnebarn means grandchild.
A useful thing to know is that it is gender-neutral:
- et barnebarn = a grandchild
- it can mean either grandson or granddaughter
So Danish often uses one word where English may be more specific.
It is also a compound word:
- barn = child
- barnebarn = grandchild
Why is barnebarn written as one word?
Because Danish, like German, very often forms compound nouns as a single word.
So:
- barne + barn becomes barnebarn
- møde can appear inside compounds too, such as mødelokale = meeting room
English often writes these as separate words or with varying spelling, but Danish strongly prefers one-word compounds.
So barnebarn as one word is completely normal.
Why is kommer in the present tense if the sentence is about tomorrow?
Danish often uses the present tense to talk about the future when the time is clear from context.
Here:
- kommer = literally comes / is coming
- i morgen = tomorrow
Together, that naturally means:
- is coming tomorrow
- or simply will come tomorrow
This is very common in Danish. English does something similar in some contexts too:
- She arrives tomorrow
- We leave next week
So the present tense here is normal, not a mistake.
Why is også placed after kommer?
This is because Danish main clauses follow the V2 rule: the finite verb usually comes in second position.
In the main clause:
- Hendes barnebarn = first element
- kommer = finite verb in second position
- også = adverb after the verb
- i morgen = time expression
So the structure is:
- subject + finite verb + adverb + time
That is why you get:
- Hendes barnebarn kommer også i morgen
and not something like English word order with also before the verb.
Can også be moved to another place?
Sometimes yes, but the meaning or emphasis can change.
In this sentence:
- Hendes barnebarn kommer også i morgen = Her grandchild is also coming tomorrow
This usually means the grandchild is one more person who will come tomorrow.
If you moved også, you might emphasize something slightly different. Danish adverb placement can affect focus.
For a learner, the version in the sentence is a very natural default pattern.
What does i morgen mean, and why is it two words?
I morgen means tomorrow.
It is normally written as two words in modern Danish:
- i morgen
Older spelling or informal spelling like imorgen may be seen, but i morgen is the standard form you should learn and use.
Literally, it comes from a prepositional expression, but as a learner, it is easiest just to memorize i morgen as the normal way to say tomorrow.
What does hvis mean, and when do I use it?
Hvis means if.
It introduces a condition:
- hvis mødet ikke bliver aflyst = if the meeting is not cancelled
Use hvis when one thing depends on another.
Examples:
- Hvis det regner, bliver vi hjemme. = If it rains, we stay home.
- Hvis hun ringer, svarer jeg. = If she calls, I answer.
So in your sentence, the grandchild’s coming depends on the meeting not being cancelled.
Why is it mødet and not just møde?
Because mødet is the definite form: the meeting.
Danish usually adds the definite article to the end of the noun:
- et møde = a meeting
- mødet = the meeting
So:
- hvis mødet ikke bliver aflyst = if the meeting is not cancelled
This is one of the most important features of Danish nouns.
Why is the word order hvis mødet ikke bliver aflyst and not like English?
Because subordinate clauses in Danish have different word order from main clauses.
After hvis, you are in a subordinate clause. In subordinate clauses, adverbs like ikke usually come before the finite verb.
So:
- hvis mødet ikke bliver aflyst
Breakdown:
- hvis = if
- mødet = the meeting
- ikke = not
- bliver = becomes / is
- aflyst = cancelled
Compare:
- Main clause: Mødet bliver ikke aflyst.
- Subordinate clause: ... hvis mødet ikke bliver aflyst.
That placement of ikke is very typical and very important.
Why does Danish say bliver aflyst? What kind of form is that?
Bliver aflyst is a passive construction.
It is formed with:
- bliver from blive
- past participle aflyst from aflyse
So:
- aflyse = to cancel
- aflyst = cancelled
- bliver aflyst = is cancelled / gets cancelled
This is a very common way to make the passive in Danish.
Examples:
- Døren bliver åbnet. = The door is opened.
- Toget bliver forsinket. = The train is delayed.
- Mødet bliver aflyst. = The meeting is cancelled.
Could Danish also say mødet ikke aflyses instead?
Yes, that is possible, but it is a different passive form.
Danish has two common passive patterns:
- blive + past participle → bliver aflyst
- -s passive → aflyses
So these are both possible:
- hvis mødet ikke bliver aflyst
- hvis mødet ikke aflyses
In many everyday contexts, bliver aflyst sounds very natural and common.
As a learner, it is useful to recognize both, but the blive + participle form is often easier to understand at first.
Is the sentence using present tense in the if-clause for a future meaning too?
Yes.
Just like the main clause uses present tense with future meaning, the if-clause does the same:
- hvis mødet ikke bliver aflyst = if the meeting is not cancelled
Even though the cancellation would happen in the future, Danish normally uses present forms here.
English often does something similar:
- If the meeting isn’t cancelled, ... not
- If the meeting won’t be cancelled, ...
So this part works quite similarly in Danish and English.
Why is there a comma before hvis?
Because hvis mødet ikke bliver aflyst is a subordinate clause, and in standard Danish writing it is separated with a comma.
So the sentence is divided into:
- main clause: Hendes barnebarn kommer også i morgen
- subordinate clause: hvis mødet ikke bliver aflyst
The comma helps show that relationship clearly.
How would this sentence sound more literally word for word?
A fairly literal breakdown is:
- Hendes = her
- barnebarn = grandchild
- kommer = comes / is coming
- også = also
- i morgen = tomorrow
- hvis = if
- mødet = the meeting
- ikke = not
- bliver aflyst = is cancelled / gets cancelled
So a very literal English version would be:
- Her grandchild comes also tomorrow, if the meeting is not cancelled.
That is not the most natural English phrasing, but it helps show how the Danish sentence is built.
How is aflyst connected to aflyse?
Aflyst is the past participle of aflyse.
So:
- aflyse = to cancel
- aflyser = cancels / is cancelling
- aflyste = cancelled
- aflyst = cancelled
In the sentence, the participle is used in the passive:
- bliver aflyst = is cancelled
It is a good idea to learn verbs in families like this, because it makes forms like bliver aflyst much easier to recognize.
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