Obavijest je poslana putem sustava e-Građani.

Here is the breakdown:

• Obavijest = notification, notice

  • noun, feminine singular
  • here it is the subject of the sentence, so it is in the nominative

• je = is / has

  • 3rd person singular of biti (to be)
  • used here as an auxiliary verb

• poslana = sent

  • past passive participle from poslati (to send)
  • it agrees with obavijest, so it is feminine singular

• putem = by means of / via / through

  • a formal word commonly used in administrative language

• sustava = of the system

  • genitive singular of sustav (system)

• e-Građani = the name of the Croatian online government system

  • a proper name, left as the official platform name

So the structure is basically:

Obavijest + je poslana + putem sustava e-Građani
= The notification was / has been sent via the e-Građani system.

Because poslana must agree with obavijest.

In Croatian, the passive participle changes for:

• gender
• number
• sometimes case in other contexts

Here:

• obavijest is feminine singular
• so the participle must also be feminine singular → poslana

Compare:

• Paket je poslan. = The package was sent.

  • paket is masculine

• Obavijest je poslana. = The notification was sent.

  • obavijest is feminine

• Pismo je poslano. = The letter was sent.

  • pismo is neuter

So this is simple agreement.

Yes. This is a standard Croatian passive.

It is built with:

• a form of biti (to be)
• plus a past passive participle

So:

• je poslana = was sent / has been sent

This is very common in formal or administrative Croatian, especially in messages, notices, and official documents.

Active version:

• Sustav e-Građani poslao je obavijest.
  = The e-Građani system sent the notification.

Passive version:

• Obavijest je poslana putem sustava e-Građani.
  = The notification was sent via the e-Građani system.

The passive is preferred here because the focus is on the notification, not on who sent it.

Because Croatian does not match English tense distinctions exactly.

In this sentence, je poslana is formally a perfect form, but in practice it can often correspond to either:

• was sent
• has been sent

Which English version fits better depends on context.

In administrative notifications, English often uses has been sent because it sounds like a recent completed action with present relevance.

But in many contexts, was sent is also perfectly natural.

So Croatian je poslana is not limited to only one English tense choice.

Putem means something like:

• via
• through
• by means of

It is very common in:

• formal writing
• official messages
• bureaucracy
• business communication

So putem sustava e-Građani means:

• via the e-Građani system
• through the e-Građani system
• by means of the e-Građani system

It sounds more formal than some everyday alternatives.

For example:

• Poslano je putem e-maila. = It was sent by email.
• Zahtjev je predan putem sustava. = The request was submitted via the system.

Because putem requires the genitive case.

The basic form is:

• sustav = system
  nominative singular

But after putem, you use the genitive:

• putem sustava = via the system

So:

• sustav → nominative
• sustava → genitive singular

This is something you should learn as a fixed pattern:

• putem + genitive

Other examples:

• putem interneta = via the internet
• putem pošte = by post
• putem aplikacije = via the app

Obavijest is in the nominative singular because it is the subject of the sentence.

Even though English often makes passive sentences feel object-like, in Croatian the thing being talked about becomes the grammatical subject:

• Obavijest je poslana.

Here, obavijest is the thing that was sent, and that makes it the subject of the passive clause.

So it stays in the nominative.

Because it is a proper name, and names of platforms, brands, and systems are often left unchanged, especially when written in their official form.

In putem sustava e-Građani:

• sustava carries the genitive marking
• e-Građani functions as the name of that system

So the case relationship is already clear from sustava.

In real Croatian usage, branded or official names are often treated this way, especially if changing them would look awkward or nonstandard.

You can think of it like:

• the system e-Građani
• and after putem, that becomes via the system e-Građani

Not completely, but this order is the most natural and standard for an official message.

The sentence:

• Obavijest je poslana putem sustava e-Građani.

is neutral and clear.

Croatian word order is flexible, so other versions are possible, such as:

• Putem sustava e-Građani obavijest je poslana.

But that sounds more marked or stylistically shifted. In normal administrative wording, the original order is better.

A useful way to read it is:

• topic: Obavijest
• statement: je poslana
• method/channel: putem sustava e-Građani

Because Croatian has no articles.

English says:

• The notification was sent via the system.

Croatian simply says:

• Obavijest je poslana putem sustava.

Whether something means a notification or the notification depends on context, not on an article.

In this sentence, the context clearly makes it definite, so English naturally uses the.

Yes, very much so.

Several things make it sound formal and administrative:

• obavijest instead of a more casual wording
• passive construction: je poslana
• the preposition-like expression putem
• mention of an official platform: sustava e-Građani

This is exactly the kind of Croatian you see in:

• government portals
• official emails
• automated system messages
• legal or administrative notices

A more everyday sentence might use less formal wording, but for official communication this style is completely normal.