Premda je bilo malo hladno, na farmi smo ostali dulje nego što smo planirali.

Yes. Premda means although / even though.

In this sentence, Premda je bilo malo hladno... = Although it was a little cold...

You can usually replace premda with iako:

• Premda je bilo malo hladno...
• Iako je bilo malo hladno...

Both are correct. Premda can sound a bit more formal or literary than iako, but the meaning is basically the same.

This is an impersonal weather/condition expression.

Croatian often says:

• Hladno je. = It is cold.
• Bilo je hladno. = It was cold.

There is no real subject like English it. English uses a dummy subject (it was cold), but Croatian does not need one.

Bilo is the neuter singular past participle of biti (to be), used in this kind of impersonal expression.

So:

• je bilo = was
• hladno = cold

Because hladno here is not describing a person or noun. It is part of an impersonal expression meaning it was cold.

Compare:

• On je hladan. = He is cold / emotionally cold
• Ona je hladna. = She is cold
• Bilo je hladno. = It was cold

In the last sentence, hladno stays in the neuter singular form because it refers to a general condition, not to a specific noun.

Here malo means a little, somewhat, or slightly.

So:

• malo hladno = a little cold

This is very common in Croatian. Malo can be:

• an adjective/pronoun meaning little / small amount
• an adverb meaning a little

In this sentence, it functions like an adverb: it softens hladno.

Because Croatian normally says na farmi for at/on the farm.

This is idiomatic usage with certain places and areas. Na is often used for farms, islands, fields, events, and many open or activity-based locations.

• na farmi = at the farm / on the farm

Farmi is the locative singular of farma after na when expressing location.

So:

• farma = farm
• na farmi = at the farm

Using u farmi would usually sound wrong for this meaning.

It is the locative singular.

The noun is:

• nominative: farma
• locative: farmi

After na when it means in/at/on a place, Croatian often uses the locative:

• na farmi = at the farm
• na stolu = on the table
• na fakultetu = at the university

So na farmi is a prepositional location phrase in the locative.

Because smo is a clitic, and Croatian clitics usually go in the second position of the clause.

In the main clause here, the first unit is na farmi, so the clitic smo comes right after it:

• na farmi smo ostali

That is very normal Croatian word order.

You could also say:

• Ostali smo na farmi...

That is also correct, just with a different word order and slightly different focus.

Croatian word order is flexible, but clitics like sam, si, je, smo, ste, su tend to stay near the beginning of the clause.

Because Croatian usually omits subject pronouns when they are clear from the verb form.

Here, smo ostali already tells you the subject is we:

• smo = auxiliary for we
• ostali = past participle agreeing with we

So mi is unnecessary unless you want emphasis or contrast.

For example:

• Mi smo ostali, a oni su otišli. = We stayed, and they left.

In your sentence, plain smo ostali is the natural choice.

Ostali is the past participle of ostati (to stay / remain), and it agrees with the understood subject we.

Since the subject is omitted, we still know it is we from smo.

Ostali is masculine plural, which is the default form for:

• a group of men
• a mixed group
• a group of unspecified gender

If the group were all female, you would say:

• ostale smo

So the sentence assumes either a mixed group or uses the masculine plural as the standard plural form.

Dulje means longer. It is the comparative adverb of dugo (for a long time / long).

So:

• dugo = long / for a long time
• dulje = longer

Yes, duže is also common and standard in modern Croatian. In many situations, dulje and duže mean the same thing.

So these are both possible:

• ostali smo dulje
• ostali smo duže

In this sentence, it must be an adverb, because it tells us how long we stayed.

This is a very common Croatian comparison pattern.

• nego = than
• što helps introduce the full clause after the comparison

So:

• dulje nego što smo planirali = longer than we planned

When than is followed by a whole clause, Croatian often uses nego što.

Compare:

• dulje nego jučer = longer than yesterday
• dulje nego što smo planirali = longer than we planned

So nego što is especially natural when a full verb clause follows.

Because English often uses past perfect (had planned) to show that the planning happened before the staying.

Croatian usually does not need a special pluperfect form in everyday speech. The normal perfect is enough:

• smo planirali literally = we planned
• but in context it naturally means we had planned

The sequence of events makes it clear:

1. we made a plan
2. then we stayed longer than that plan

So English often chooses had planned, while Croatian simply uses the ordinary past tense form.

Because ostati is perfective, and it fits the idea of a completed result:

• we ended up staying longer than planned

Ostali smo presents the event as a whole.

If you said ostajali smo, that would be imperfective and would suggest something more ongoing, repeated, or habitual, which does not fit as well here.

So:

• ostali smo = we stayed / remained
• ostajali smo = we were staying / used to stay / kept staying

In this sentence, the perfective form is the natural choice.

Because Premda je bilo malo hladno is a subordinate clause, and it comes before the main clause.

Croatian normally separates this kind of introductory clause with a comma:

• Premda je bilo malo hladno, na farmi smo ostali...

This is similar to English:

• Although it was a little cold, we stayed...

So the comma is standard punctuation here.