Learn Hardcore Chinese: tā bǎ nǐ de shū ná lái le ma?

It marks a “disposal” construction: it pulls the object (你的书) in front of the verb and signals that the action has a concrete effect on that object. It’s especially common when the verb is followed by a result/directional element (like 来) or something that shows completion/result. Here, the focus is “handling your book so that it ends up here.”

Do I have to use 把 here?

No. A natural non-把 version is: 她拿你的书来了吗？

With 把: emphasizes the handling/effect on the book.
Without 把: a more neutral SVO order. Both ask essentially the same yes/no question.

Why is 了 (le) after 来 (lái)? Could it go elsewhere?

This 了 is the perfective aspect marker on the verb phrase. With a directional complement and a 把-sentence, it typically comes after the whole verb-complement: 拿来了.

把-structure: 她把你的书拿来了。
No 把 (object between verb and complement): 她拿了你的书来。
In yes/no questions with 吗, you can still have this verb 了 (as in the original). Just don’t use the sentence-final change-of-state 了 together with 吗.

Can 了 and 吗 appear together?

Yes—exactly as in the sentence. The 了 here marks completion of the action; 吗 turns it into a yes/no question. What you can’t do is use the sentence-final “change-of-state” 了 with 吗.

What’s the difference between 拿来 and 拿去?

拿来: bring here (toward the speaker/current location).
拿去: take there (away from the speaker/current location).
So 她把你的书拿去了吗？ asks whether she took your book away.

What’s the difference between 拿 (ná) and 带 (dài) here?

拿: to take/hold/pick up (often with the hand); emphasizes the physical act.
带: to bring/take along; emphasizes having something with you.
Both are fine for a book: 她把你的书拿来了 and 她把你的书带来了 are both natural, with a slight nuance difference (physical act vs. bringing-along).

Is 的 (de) between 你 and 书 required?

Yes. With pronouns as possessors, 的 is normally required: 你的书. Dropping 的 is common only with close kinship terms or very tight noun-possessor bonds (e.g., 我妈妈), not with regular objects like “book.”

How do I negate this naturally?

Use 没(有) and drop the perfective 了:

Statement: 她没(有)把你的书拿来。
Yes/no forms:
- 她有没有把你的书拿来？
- 她把你的书拿来了没有？
  Using 她没把你的书拿来吗？ implies surprise (“She didn’t bring it?”).

How do I answer briefly?

Yes: 拿来了。 / 她拿来了。
No: 没(有)拿来。 / 她没(有)拿来。
You can also repeat the object for clarity: 她把你的书拿来了。

Why can’t I say 她把你的书来了吗?

Because 来 is a directional complement; it needs an action verb before it. You must have something like 拿来/带来/送来. 来 alone after 把 is ungrammatical.

Is 拿来了 one word?

No. It’s a sequence: verb 拿 + directional complement 来 + aspect particle 了. Pattern: V + 来/去 + 了 (with placement adjusted by whether you use 把 and where the object sits).

Can I add time or adverbs? Where do they go?

Yes. Typical slot is after the subject and before 把 (or before the main verb if no 把):

她今天把你的书拿来了吗？
她已经把你的书拿来了吗？
Affirmative statement: 她已经把你的书拿来了。

What about using the A-not-A question pattern instead of 吗?

Two common versions here:

她把你的书拿来了没有？
她把你的书拿没拿来？
All are natural yes/no questions; 吗 is the simplest, A-not-A can sound a bit more probing.

Can I use 过来 instead of 来?

Yes: 她把你的书拿过来了吗？
过来 often highlights movement across a boundary or from there to here. 来 is more general “toward here.” Both are fine; 过来 can feel a bit more dynamic.

Does 把 need a result or completion element?

Usually yes. A bare verb after 把 often sounds incomplete. You typically show result/completion with:

aspect/completion: 了 (把书拿来了),
result complements: 好/完/掉 (把书拿好了/拿完了/拿掉了),
directional complements: 来/去/上/下 (把书拿上来).

Are there restrictions on the object in a 把 sentence?

It should be specific/definite (known, identifiable). 你的书 is definite, so it’s perfect. Indefinite “a book” is usually avoided after 把 unless it’s specific via modifiers or context. Prefer:

Without 把 for a new, indefinite object: 她拿了一本书来。
With 把 only if specified: 她把一本红色的书拿来了。 (a particular one)