Die verhuurder gaan elke gebrek op die lys van gebreke na.

Because the full verb is nagaan, which means to check, to inspect, or to go over.

In Afrikaans, many verbs are separable verbs. In a main clause, the first part stays in the normal verb position, and the second part moves to the end:

• nagaan = to check
• Die verhuurder gaan ... na. = The landlord checks ... / goes over ...

So gaan here is not a separate verb meaning go by itself. It is part of the verb nagaan.

No. That is a very common point of confusion for English speakers.

Although gaan can sometimes help form a future meaning, here it is simply the first part of the separable verb nagaan.

So this sentence does not mean:

• The landlord is going to every defect...

Instead, it means:

• The landlord checks every defect...
• The landlord goes through every defect...

A useful comparison:

• Die verhuurder gaan die huis verkoop. = The landlord is going to sell the house.
  Here gaan is a future helper verb.

• Die verhuurder gaan die lys na. = The landlord checks/goes over the list.
  Here gaan ... na is the separable verb nagaan.

Verhuurder means landlord.

It comes from the idea of renting out property:

• verhuur = to rent out
• verhuurder = the person who rents something out, so landlord

This is different from:

• huurder = tenant / renter

So:

• verhuurder = landlord
• huurder = tenant

Because elke means each or every, and in Afrikaans it is followed by a singular noun.

So:

• elke gebrek = each defect / every defect

Not:

• elke gebreke

Even if the meaning refers to multiple items overall, the noun after elke stays singular, just like in English:

• every defect
• each problem

Because one is singular and the other is plural:

• gebrek = defect, fault, deficiency
• gebreke = defects, faults

So:

• elke gebrek = each defect
• die lys van gebreke = the list of defects

This is completely normal. The sentence is saying that the landlord checks each individual defect that appears on a list containing multiple defects.

It means on the list of defects.

Breakdown:

• op = on
• die lys = the list
• van = of
• gebreke = defects

So:

• op die lys van gebreke = on the list of defects

This phrase describes which defects are being checked: the ones that are on that list.

Afrikaans die is the definite article the.

Unlike many European languages, Afrikaans does not change the article for grammatical gender. So die is used very widely:

• die verhuurder = the landlord
• die lys = the list

It also does not change here because of masculine/feminine/neuter distinctions the way German or Dutch does in many cases.

So English speakers often find this part easier: just learn die as the standard definite article in these examples.

The sentence follows normal Afrikaans main-clause word order:

• Die verhuurder = subject
• gaan = first part of the verb
• elke gebrek = object
• op die lys van gebreke = prepositional phrase
• na = second part of the separable verb

So the pattern is roughly:

Subject + verb + object + other information + separable prefix

That is why na comes at the very end.

Yes. Depending on context, nagaan can mean:

• check
• inspect
• go over
• review
• look through

In this sentence, natural English translations could include:

• The landlord checks every defect on the list of defects.
• The landlord goes over every defect on the list of defects.
• The landlord inspects each defect on the list.

The best choice depends on the context, but the core idea is careful checking.

When the verb is in an infinitive or often at the end of a subordinate clause, the parts stay together as nagaan.

For example:

• Die verhuurder wil elke gebrek op die lys van gebreke nagaan.
  = The landlord wants to check every defect on the list of defects.

• Ek dink dat die verhuurder elke gebrek op die lys van gebreke nagaan.
  = I think that the landlord checks every defect on the list of defects.

So the split form gaan ... na happens in a normal main clause, but the unsplit form nagaan appears in other structures.

Not always. Gebrek can mean a defect, fault, shortcoming, or lack, depending on context.

Examples:

• a defect in a building
• a fault in equipment
• a lack of something

In this sentence, because there is a landlord and a list of defects, it most likely refers to problems with a property, such as damage or things needing repair.

Yes, it is grammatical and understandable.

However, depending on context, some speakers might also say things like:

• Die verhuurder gaan elke item op die gebrekslys na.
• Die verhuurder kontroleer elke gebrek op die lys.

A compound like gebrekslys (defect list) may sound a bit more compact in some contexts. But the original sentence is still perfectly acceptable and clear.