Droogkrimp word in die verslag beklemtoon.

Here droogkrimp is being used as a noun, not as a finite verb. In technical or material-related contexts, it means drying shrinkage or shrinkage caused by drying.

It is written as one word because Afrikaans often forms compounds this way:

• droog = dry
• krimp = shrink

At the start of the sentence it is capitalized simply because it is the first word.

Afrikaans often leaves out an article with abstract, general, or technical concepts.

So Droogkrimp word in die verslag beklemtoon is natural for something like:

• Drying shrinkage is emphasized in the report

If you added die, it would sound more like a specific, already identified instance:

• Die droogkrimp word in die verslag beklemtoon = The drying shrinkage is emphasized in the report

Without die, it sounds more general or category-like.

Word is the auxiliary commonly used to form the present passive in Afrikaans.

So:

• word ... beklemtoon = is emphasized / is being emphasized

This is similar to English passive structure:

• is emphasized

In Afrikaans, word often gives the idea of a present-time passive process or statement.

That is normal Afrikaans word order.

In a main clause, the finite verb usually comes early, in second position:

• Droogkrimp word ...

Then other information comes in the middle:

• in die verslag

And the main lexical verb or participle often goes to the end:

• beklemtoon

So the structure is roughly:

• Subject + auxiliary + other elements + main verb/participle

That is why beklemtoon appears at the end.

In die verslag means in the report.

Breakdown:

• in = in
• die = the
• verslag = report

It is a prepositional phrase telling you where the emphasis appears.

Yes, this is a passive sentence.

Passive:

• Droogkrimp word in die verslag beklemtoon.
• Drying shrinkage is emphasized in the report.

An active version would mention who is doing the emphasizing, for example:

• Die verslag beklemtoon droogkrimp.
• The report emphasizes drying shrinkage.

Or with a person:

• Die skrywer beklemtoon droogkrimp in die verslag.
• The writer emphasizes drying shrinkage in the report.

The passive is useful when the doer is unknown, unimportant, or obvious from context.

Yes. In a passive sentence, deur introduces the agent, similar to English by.

For example:

• Droogkrimp word deur die skrywer in die verslag beklemtoon.
• Drying shrinkage is emphasized by the writer in the report.

Very often, though, Afrikaans leaves the agent out if it is not important.

Good question. In passive constructions, Afrikaans uses a participle-like form, but some verbs do not take ge-.

Beklemtoon begins with the inseparable prefix be-, and verbs with prefixes like be-, ge-, her-, ont-, and ver- normally do not add ge- in their past participle forms.

So:

• beklemtoon stays beklemtoon
• not gebeklemtoon

Compare:

• maak → gemaak
• but beklemtoon → beklemtoon

This is an important distinction.

• word beklemtoon usually gives a present passive meaning:

  • is emphasized
  • is being emphasized

• is beklemtoon usually gives a completed passive meaning:

  • has been emphasized
  • sometimes was emphasized, depending on context

So:

• Droogkrimp word in die verslag beklemtoon = drying shrinkage is/is being emphasized
• Droogkrimp is in die verslag beklemtoon = drying shrinkage has been / was emphasized

It can move, although some versions sound more natural than others depending on emphasis.

Common version:

• Droogkrimp word in die verslag beklemtoon.

You could also say:

• In die verslag word droogkrimp beklemtoon.

This version puts more focus on in the report.

Both are grammatical, but the original sentence is a very natural neutral phrasing.

A very literal breakdown is:

• Droogkrimp = drying shrinkage
• word = becomes / is being
• in die verslag = in the report
• beklemtoon = emphasized

So, very literally:

• Drying shrinkage is being emphasized in the report

More natural English:

• Drying shrinkage is emphasized in the report