Sy wil trou.

• Sy is the subject pronoun: she
• wil is the finite verb and also a modal verb: wants / wants to
• trou is the main verb in the infinitive: marry / get married

So the sentence structure is very compact: subject + modal verb + main verb.

Yes. sy can also mean his in other contexts, for example:

• sy motor = his car

But in Sy wil trou, it comes before the verb and functions as the subject, so here it clearly means she.

Afrikaans verbs usually do not change form according to the subject the way English verbs do.

So you get:

• Ek wil = I want
• Jy wil = you want
• Sy wil = she wants
• Ons wil = we want

There is no special -s ending for he/she/it.

After modal verbs like wil, Afrikaans uses the bare infinitive. English says wants to marry, but Afrikaans says wil trou.

So:

• Sy wil trou = She wants to get married
• not Sy wil te trou

That is a very common pattern in Afrikaans.

With a modal verb in Afrikaans, the modal usually appears earlier in the clause, and the main verb goes to the end.

That is why you get:

• Sy wil trou
• Sy wil volgende jaar trou = She wants to get married next year

This verb-final pattern is very common with more than one verb in Afrikaans.

It can mean either, depending on context.

In a short sentence like Sy wil trou, the most natural meaning is usually She wants to get married.

If you want to say whom she wants to marry, Afrikaans normally uses met:

• Sy wil met hom trou = She wants to marry him
• Sy wil met Anna trou = She wants to marry Anna

So trou met iemand is the usual pattern for marry someone.

Grammatically, wil is present tense: wants.

But the action trou is something she wants to do, so it often refers to a future event. In other words:

• the wanting is present
• the marriage is usually understood as future

So the sentence is present in form, but it often points to a future plan or intention.

Afrikaans normally uses a double negative:

Sy wil nie trou nie.

The pattern is:

• first nie after the finite verb: wil nie
• second nie at the end of the clause

That is one of the most important Afrikaans sentence patterns to learn.

A rough English-style guide is:

• Sy: roughly like say with an s
• wil: roughly vil, because Afrikaans w sounds closer to English v
• trou: roughly trow, though the vowel is not exactly the same as in English

So the whole sentence is approximately:

say vil trow

That is only a rough guide, but it is close enough for a beginner.

Yes. In this sentence, trou is a verb because it follows the modal verb wil.

That matters because trou can also be an adjective in Afrikaans meaning faithful or loyal in other contexts. But in Sy wil trou, it can only be understood as the verb to marry / to get married.