Die konteks verduidelik die mosie.

Because die is the normal definite article in Afrikaans, meaning the.

So in this sentence:

• die konteks = the context
• die mosie = the motion / the proposal

Unlike some languages, Afrikaans does not change the definite article for gender. The same word die is used for masculine, feminine, and most plural nouns as well.

Yes. This sentence uses the basic subject–verb–object order:

• Die konteks = subject
• verduidelik = verb
• die mosie = object

So it matches English quite closely:

• The context / explains / the motion

This makes it a very straightforward Afrikaans sentence.

No, not in the way English verbs often do.

In English, you get:

• I explain
• he explains

In Afrikaans, the verb usually stays the same:

• Ek verduidelik
• Hy verduidelik
• Ons verduidelik

So in Die konteks verduidelik die mosie, verduidelik does not need a special ending for die konteks.

Yes. verduidelik means explain or make clear, and it is related to duidelik, which means clear.

So you can think of it roughly like this:

• duidelik = clear
• verduidelik = to clarify / to explain

That connection can help you remember the word.

Usually mosie means a motion in the formal sense: a proposal, especially in a meeting, debate, parliament, or other formal setting.

So it normally does not mean physical movement like motion in the motion of the waves.

If you see die mosie in a sentence like this, the most natural meaning is a formal proposal or motion under discussion.

Because Afrikaans does not capitalize all nouns.

Only the first word of the sentence is capitalized here:

• Die konteks verduidelik die mosie.

So:

• Die is capitalized because it starts the sentence
• konteks and mosie stay lowercase

This is different from German, even though Afrikaans is historically related to Dutch rather than German.

A helpful learner-friendly approximation is:

• ver-DUY-deh-lik

The tricky part for many English speakers is ui in dui. Afrikaans ui does not match a single simple English vowel, but DUY is a useful starting approximation.

Also note:

• the stress is usually on DUY
• the final -lik is said clearly, not like English -ly

If you want a rough full pronunciation guide for the whole sentence:

• Die konteks verduidelik die mosie
• dee KON-teks ver-DUY-deh-lik dee MO-see

That is only an approximation, but it is good enough for many beginners.

Not normally in standard Afrikaans if you mean the context explains the motion.

Afrikaans usually uses articles much like English does, so if you are talking about specific things, you would normally say:

• die konteks
• die mosie

Leaving out the articles can sound unnatural unless you are speaking very telegraphically, using headlines, or talking in a special abstract way.

A common past-tense version would be:

• Die konteks het die mosie verduidelik.

Afrikaans often forms the past tense with:

• het
  • past participle

So:

• present: Die konteks verduidelik die mosie.
• past: Die konteks het die mosie verduidelik.

Notice that in the past tense, verduidelik moves to the end of the clause.

In a main-clause yes/no question, Afrikaans usually puts the verb first:

• Verduidelik die konteks die mosie?

That is the direct equivalent of:

• Does the context explain the motion?

So the statement:

• Die konteks verduidelik die mosie.

becomes the question:

• Verduidelik die konteks die mosie?