Question 1

Why do we use qui déambule here instead of an '-ing' equivalent like 'strolling'?

Accepted Answer

In French, when using a perception verb like voir (to see) or entendre (to hear), you often describe the action being perceived with a relative clause starting with qui. So while English naturally says 'I see the customer strolling', French literally says 'I see the customer who strolls'.

Question 2

Could I use the infinitive instead and say Je vois le client déambuler?

Accepted Answer

Yes, absolutely. With verbs of perception, you can use either the infinitive or a qui clause. The qui clause emphasizes the action currently in progress (like a snapshot in time), while the infinitive tends to present the action as a complete event from start to finish.

Question 3

Since the English translation can be 'strolling', why shouldn't I use the French present participle déambulant?

Accepted Answer

English uses present participles (words ending in '-ing') very freely to describe ongoing actions. French avoids using the -ant participle this way after perception verbs. To sound natural in French, you must use either a qui clause or the infinitive instead.

Question 4

Why is it dans le marché rather than the usual au marché?

Accepted Answer

Au marché translates to 'at the market' and refers to the market as a general location or daily activity. Using dans le marché emphasizes the physical space; it highlights that the customer is wandering aimlessly inside or throughout the physical confines of the market.

Je vois le client qui déambule dans le marché.

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