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Il faut beaucoup d'endurance pour grimper, bien que la montagne soit petite.

Il faut beaucoup d'endurance pour grimper, bien que la montagne soit petite.
One needs a lot of endurance to climb, although the mountain is small.
From Lesson 192:Expressing concession (bien que, quoique)·French

Questions & Answers about Il faut beaucoup d'endurance pour grimper, bien que la montagne soit petite.

Why do we use soit instead of est at the end of the sentence?
The phrase bien que (although) introduces a concession or contrast, and in French, it must always be followed by the subjunctive mood. Soit is the subjunctive form of être (to be) for la montagne (it/she).
I always forget: why is it beaucoup d'endurance and not beaucoup de l'endurance?
After expressions of quantity like beaucoup (a lot), un peu (a little), or trop (too much), you simply use de or d'. You drop the definite article (le, la, or les) that usually goes with the noun.
Who does the Il refer to in Il faut?
Il doesn't refer to a specific person here. Il faut is a fixed, impersonal expression that translates to 'it is necessary' or 'one needs'. It makes a general statement about what climbing requires.
Could we translate 'to climb' with just grimper instead of pour grimper?
You need the pour here. In French, when 'to [action]' actually means 'in order to [action]', you must use pour followed by the infinitive.

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