Breakdown of شاید قاتل فرار نکرده باشد و در شهر ناپدید نشده باشد.
و
and
شهرshahr
city
درdar
in
شایدshâyad
maybe
شدنshodan
to become
فرار کردنfarâr kardan
to escape
قاتلqâtel
murderer
ناپدیدnâpadid
missing / disappeared
Questions & Answers about شاید قاتل فرار نکرده باشد و در شهر ناپدید نشده باشد.
Why do we use the subjunctive mood here for something that already happened?
The word شاید (maybe) expresses doubt, which forces the verb into the subjunctive mood. Because the action of escaping or disappearing would have already happened before now, we use the Present Perfect Subjunctive (نکرده باشد) rather than the simple Present Subjunctive (نکند).
How exactly is the negative form built in فرار نکرده باشد?
To make the Negative Present Perfect Subjunctive, you attach the negative prefix نـ (na-) to the past participle of the main verb, and then add the present subjunctive of بودن (to be). For the compound verb فرار کردن (to escape), the past participle کرده becomes نکرده, followed by باشد (he/she/it be).
Why are there two negative-sounding prefixes in ناپدید نشده باشد?
The first one, نا, is an inherent part of the adjective ناپدید (invisible or disappeared), combining the prefix نا (un-/in-) with پدید (visible). The second one is the grammatical negative prefix نـ attached to the past participle شده (become). So, ناپدید نشده باشد literally means might not have become disappeared.
In compound verbs like these, where exactly does the negative prefix نـ go?
The negative prefix always attaches to the verbal part of a compound verb, never the noun or adjective part. That is why it goes on the helper verbs کردن and شدن, giving us فرار نکرده instead of نفرار کرده, and ناپدید نشده instead of نناپدید شده.
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