Breakdown of گیرنده میخواست تعداد جعبههای لهشده را روی بارنامه بنویسد.
رویruye
on
نوشتنneveshtan
to write
راrâ
definite direct object marker
خواستنkhâstan
to want / to ask (request from someone)
جعبهja'be
box
گیرندهgirande
recipient
تعدادte'dâd
number / quantity (count)
بارنامهbârnâme
waybill
له شدنle shodan
to be crushed
Questions & Answers about گیرنده میخواست تعداد جعبههای لهشده را روی بارنامه بنویسد.
How does leh-shode work here as an adjective?
leh-shode is the past participle of the compound verb leh shodan (to be crushed). In Farsi, you can use a bare past participle just like a regular adjective to describe a completed state or result. Because it acts as an adjective modifying the boxes, it connects to them with an ezafe: ja'be-hā-ye leh-shode (crushed boxes).
The word girande (receiver) is also derived from a verb. How is its formation different from leh-shode?
They are both participles doing different jobs! girande adds the suffix -ande to the present stem of gereftan (to get/receive) to create an active participle, meaning the person doing the action (the receiver). Meanwhile, leh-shode uses the past participle to describe a passive, completed state that happened to the noun.
Why does the direct object marker rā come after leh-shode instead of right after the boxes?
The word rā marks the entire specific direct object phrase. The object of the verb isn't just the boxes, but the entire phrase 'the number of the crushed boxes' (te'dād-e ja'be-hā-ye leh-shode). Therefore, rā has to sit at the very end of that whole ezafe chain.
Why is the final verb be-nevisad (write) in the subjunctive when the sentence is talking about the past?
The main verb mi-khāst (wanted) establishes the past tense. However, the second verb expressing the intended action (what they wanted to do) must always take the subjunctive form in Farsi, even when the wanting happened in the past.
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