Breakdown of یک بزرگسال نوجوان را نصیحت میکند، اما اجازه نمیدهد تنها بیرون برود.
بیرونbirun
outside
اماammâ
but
یکyek
one / a, an
رفتنraftan
to go
راrâ
definite direct object marker
تنهاtanhâ
alone
اجازه دادنejâze dâdan
to allow
نوجوانnowjavân
teenager
بزرگسالbozorgsâl
adult
نصیحت کردنnasihat kardan
to advise
اجازهejâze
permission
Questions & Answers about یک بزرگسال نوجوان را نصیحت میکند، اما اجازه نمیدهد تنها بیرون برود.
Why is beravad in the subjunctive form here?
The verb ejâze dâdan (to permit) requires the main action to be in the present subjunctive. So, instead of using an infinitive like in English, Farsi says ejâze nemidahad (he does not permit) followed by the subjunctive beravad (that he go).
Both nemidahad and beravad end in the third-person singular suffix -ad. Are they referring to the same person?
No, and context is key here! The subject of nemidahad (does not permit) is the adult. The subject of beravad (he goes) is the teenager. Farsi conjugates both verbs to match their specific doers, even when they happen to take the same ending.
Where is the Farsi word for 'him' in the second half of the sentence?
It is simply implied from the context of the first clause. If you wanted to explicitly say 'does not let him', you would use the preposition be (to) and say ammâ be u ejâze nemidahad (but does not give permission to him).
Why is râ used after nojavân (teenager)?
The object marker râ tells us that the teenager is the specific direct object of the first verb, nasihat mikonad (advises). The word nasihat forms a compound verb with mikonad, literally meaning 'does advice to the teenager'.
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