Breakdown of هر کارگر باید روپوش خود را بیرون دستشویی بگذارد.
بیرونbirun
outside
هرhar
every
راrâ
definite direct object marker
گذاشتنgozâshtan
to put
بایدbâyad
must
خودkhod
self
کارگرkârgar
worker
روپوشrupush
uniform / smock
دستشوییdastshuyi
restroom / sink (bathroom)
Questions & Answers about هر کارگر باید روپوش خود را بیرون دستشویی بگذارد.
Why do we use هر کارگر (har kārgar) instead of همه کارگرها (hame-ye kārgar-hā) if the sentence applies to all workers?
هر (har) translates to 'every' or 'each' and is always followed directly by a singular noun with no Ezafe, just like in English ('every worker'). If you wanted to say 'all of the workers', you would use همه (hame-ye) followed by a plural noun: همه کارگرها (hame-ye kārgar-hā). Both convey the same overall rule, but this sentence focuses on the singular structure.
The translation says 'their uniform', so why does the Farsi sentence use خود (xod)?
خود (xod) is a reflexive pronoun meaning 'self', and it refers back to the subject of the sentence. Since the subject is هر کارگر (every worker), خود means 'their own' or 'his/her own' in this context. It is used here to show that each worker is leaving the uniform that belongs to them, requiring the specific object marker را (rā) after the entire phrase روپوش خود (rupush-e xod).
Why does the verb بگذارد (begozārad) start with the be- prefix?
It is in the present subjunctive form, which is required here because of the word باید (bāyad / must). In Farsi, when you say you 'must', 'want to', or 'can' do something, the main action verb is always put into the subjunctive.
Is there an Ezafe between بیرون (birun / outside) and دستشویی (dastshuyi / restroom) even though it isn't written?
Yes, it is pronounced birun-e dastshuyi. When spatial words like بیرون (outside), داخل (inside), or زیر (under) are used to say where something is in relation to a noun, they act as prepositions and connect to that noun with an Ezafe.
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