Breakdown of دیروز سرور شرکت توسط یک کاربر ناشناس دستبرد خورد.
یکyek
one / a, an
شرکتsherkat
company
دیروزdirooz
yesterday
سرورserver
server
توسطtavassot-e
by (agent)
خوردنkhordan
to suffer / to undergo (passive light verb)
ناشناسnâshenâs
unknown (person, anonymous)
دستبردdastbord
robbery
کاربرkârbar
user
Questions & Answers about دیروز سرور شرکت توسط یک کاربر ناشناس دستبرد خورد.
How do we get "was robbed" from the verb خوردن (khordan), which usually means "to eat"?
In compound verbs, خوردن can also mean "to suffer" or "to be struck by." The active verb for "to rob" or "to raid" is دستبرد زدن (dastbord zadan). By swapping the active light verb زدن (to hit/strike) with خوردن, we create a "lexical passive": دستبرد خوردن (dastbord khordan), which means "to suffer a robbery" or "to be robbed."
We previously learned that Farsi passives usually drop the doer entirely. Why is توسط (tavasot-e) used to say "by an unknown user" here?
While standard grammatical passives with شدن (shodan) usually omit the doer, formal or journalistic Farsi sometimes includes the agent using توسط (by means of / via). Additionally, because دستبرد خوردن is a lexical passive (meaning grammatically it's just a regular verb meaning "to suffer a robbery"), it feels much more natural to include the source of the action than it would with a strict شدن passive.
What are the root words that make up the noun دستبرد (dastbord)?
It is made of دست (dast, hand) and برد (bord, winning/carrying away, from the verb بردن). Literally meaning "hand-taking," it translates to a robbery, raid, or theft. When applied to a server or computer system, as in this sentence, it implies a hack or data breach.
Since سرور شرکت (server-e sherkat) is specific and is the thing being robbed, why doesn't it take the direct object marker را (râ)?
Because the sentence functions as a passive! Even though the server is receiving the action in real life, grammatically it acts as the subject of the verb دستبرد خورد (was robbed / suffered a robbery). Since it is the subject and not the direct object, it cannot take را.
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