Breakdown of اکثریت سهامدارها اجازه نمیدهند که اقلیت سهام خود را بفروشند.
راrâ
definite direct object marker
کهke
that (conjunction)
فروختنforukhtan
to sell
خودkhod
self
اجازه دادنejâze dâdan
to allow
سهامsahâm
stocks / shares
اکثریتaksariyat
majority
سهامدارsahâm-dâr
shareholder
اقلیتaghalliyat
minority
اجازهejâze
permission
Questions & Answers about اکثریت سهامدارها اجازه نمیدهند که اقلیت سهام خود را بفروشند.
Why are the verbs نمیدهند (nemidahand) and بفروشند (beforushand) in the plural form when اکثریت (majority) and اقلیت (minority) are singular nouns?
In Farsi, collective nouns that refer to groups of people—such as اکثریت (aksariyat - majority), اقلیت (aghaliyat - minority), or مردم (mardom - people)—almost always take a plural verb. Conceptually, they represent multiple individuals acting, so the verbs conjugate to the third-person plural ('they') form.
The word سهام (sahām) appears inside سهامدارها and then again on its own. How is this word built?
سهام (sahām) is actually the Arabic broken plural of سهم (sahm), meaning 'share' or 'portion'. The suffix دار (dār) means 'holder' (from the verb 'to have'). Therefore, a سهامدار (sahām-dār) is a 'shareholder', and the Persian plural suffix ها (hā) is added to make it 'shareholders'. Later in the sentence, سهام is used by itself simply to mean 'shares'.
Why is the second verb بفروشند (beforushand) in the subjunctive form?
The compound verb اجازه دادن (ejāze dādan) means 'to allow' or 'to give permission'. Whenever you talk about allowing, wanting, or being able to do something, Farsi connects the clauses with که (ke - that) and requires the second verb to be in the subjunctive mood. That is why فروختن (forukhtan - to sell) takes the subjunctive prefix بـ (be-).
Why is خود (khod) used for 'their' instead of the possessive ending ـِشان (-eshān)?
خود (khod) is a reflexive pronoun meaning 'self'. In Farsi, whenever a possessive pronoun refers back to the subject of that exact clause, you must use خود. Because 'the minority' is the subject of the second clause and they are selling their own shares, سهام خود (sahām-e khod) is used instead of سهامشان (sahām-eshān).
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