Breakdown of با وجود اینکه دریا تاریک است، این موجود دریایی زنده میماند.
است
is
این
this
دریاdaryâ
sea
تاریکtârik
dark
با وجود اینکهbâ vojud-e in-ke
despite the fact that
دریاییdaryâyi
marine
موجودmowjud
creature
زنده ماندنzende mândan
to survive
Questions & Answers about با وجود اینکه دریا تاریک است، این موجود دریایی زنده میماند.
The lesson is about "bâ vojud-e inke" taking the indicative. Why do we use the indicative ast here instead of the subjunctive?
The phrase bâ vojud-e inke means "despite the fact that." Because it introduces a known, concrete reality (the fact that the sea is dark), the verb in its clause remains in the normal indicative mood (ast). You would only use the subjunctive if the outcome was uncertain or hypothetical.
How is the word daryâ'i (marine) formed from daryâ (sea)?
Adding the suffix -i to a noun often turns it into a descriptive adjective. Because daryâ ends in the long vowel â, a bridging sound is needed before adding the vowel suffix. This bridge is written with a ye (or a hamza), resulting in daryâ'i (of the sea / marine).
Why is there an ezafe in in mojud-e daryâ'i (this marine creature)?
The ezafe (the unstressed -e sound) links the noun mojud (creature) to the adjective that describes it, daryâ'i (marine). Note that the demonstrative pronoun in (this) simply precedes the noun phrase and never takes an ezafe.
The English translation says "survives," but what is the literal translation of the verb zende mi-mânad?
It literally translates to "stays alive." It is a compound verb made of the adjective zende (alive) and mi-mânad, which is the third-person singular present tense of mândan (to stay / to remain).
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