Breakdown of قبل از اینکه لغت جدیدی حفظ کنیم، باید تلفظ آن را تکرار کنیم.
آن
that
جدیدjadid
new
ازaz
from
راrâ
definite direct object marker
بایدbâyad
must
قبلghabl
ago, earlier
لغتloghat
word / vocabulary (dictionary word)
حفظ کردنhefz kardan
to memorize
تکرار کردنtekrâr kardan
to repeat
تلفظtalaffoz
pronunciation
قبل از اینکهghabl az inke
before (+ subjunctive)
Questions & Answers about قبل از اینکه لغت جدیدی حفظ کنیم، باید تلفظ آن را تکرار کنیم.
Why are both verbs in this sentence in the subjunctive form (konim)?
They are triggered by two different rules. The first one, hefz konim (we memorize), is in the subjunctive because it follows ghabl az inke (before). The second, tekrār konim (we repeat), follows bāyad (must). Both "before" and "must" introduce actions that are potential or required, rather than established facts, which is why Farsi uses the subjunctive here.
In loghat-e jadidi (a new word), why is the indefinite suffix -i attached to "new" instead of "word"?
When a noun is followed by an adjective in an ezafe chain (where the hidden "e" links them together), the indefinite -i (meaning "a" or "an") attaches to the very end of the whole phrase. So instead of putting it on the noun, it attaches to the adjective: loghat-e jadidi.
What are the dictionary forms (infinitives) of the verbs "memorize" and "repeat" used in this sentence?
Both are compound verbs that use kardan (to do). "To memorize" is hefz kardan, and "to repeat" is tekrār kardan. In this sentence, the non-verbal parts (hefz and tekrār) stay the same, while the kardan part changes to konim (the present subjunctive for "we").
Why do we need the word rā after talaffoz-e ān?
The word rā marks a specific direct object. Because talaffoz-e ān (its pronunciation) is a specific, defined thing being acted upon by the verb "repeat," it requires the rā marker. Notice that loghat-e jadidi in the first half of the sentence doesn't take rā because the -i makes it indefinite (a new word, not the new word).
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